Pediatric respiratory distress lecture

Question 1

mechanism of benadryl

Answer 1

H1 histamine receptor blocker

Question 2

What is aspirated most commonly by toddlers?

Answer 2

Balloons . . get mylar balloons instead of helium

Question 3

how many mm wide is a quarter

Answer 3

25

Question 4

What is the most common Foreign body swallowed and stuck in esophagus?

Answer 4

Coin

Question 5

What is aspiration of food so common in toddlers

Answer 5

They can’t chew. only have front teeth

Question 6

quarters are stuck in proximal esophagus by what muscle

Answer 6

cricopharyngeus . .lets dimes, pennies, and nickels pass

Question 7

how does epiglottitis differ from croup

Answer 7

• high fever
• Tripod position
• ABSENCE of cough
• Really sudden onset

Question 8

what microbe causes fatal epiglottitis

Answer 8

hemophilus influenza type B

Question 9

If you witness a child choking what are the 3 signs of complete airway obstruction

Answer 9

• Loss of sound
• Cyanosis
• Altered mental status

Question 10

late stage of pediatric respiratory distress

Answer 10

cyanosis and apnea

Question 11

When do children get molars and can start chewing?

Answer 11

2 years old

Question 12

What things can help tell if child in respiratory distress

Answer 12

• flared nostrils
• tachypnea
• facial changes
• accessory muscles
• Grunting (noise at end up expiration) . . baby is closing glottis on purpose to keep alveoli open for longer period of time so more gas exchange

Question 13

mechanism of epinephrine

Answer 13

vasoconstiction

Question 14

APGAR score

Answer 14

• Appearance
• Pulse
• Grimmace
• Acrocyanosis
• Respiratory effort

Question 15

What do you do if you notice signs of a child having complete airway obstruction?

Answer 15

infant: back blows and chest thrusts
child: heimlick

Question 16

Compensatory signs of respiratory disease

Answer 16

• tachypnea
• grunting
• flaring
• retractions

Question 17

how is childs airway different than adult

Answer 17

more anterior and superior

Question 18

mechanism of methylprednisolone

Answer 18

decrease immune response

Question 19

contrast when during respiratory cycle grunting is versus stridor

Answer 19

• Stridor=inspiration

- Grunting=end of expiration

Question 20

Choking child: absent breath sound on right

Answer 20

lower airway aspiration

Question 21

first line drug for anaphylactic reaction

Answer 21

epinephrine

Question 22

intermediate stage of pediatric respiratory distress

Answer 22

grunting flaring and retractions

Question 23

Where do you listen to a baby’s lungs

Answer 23

Mid-axillary line. . . more lateral

Question 24

Explain difference in small airway lumen size between child and adult and what significance this has in terms of inflammation?

Answer 24

smaller diameter so takes less inflammation or mucus to cause a significant obstruction

Question 25

choking child: diminished breath sounds bilaterally

Answer 25

thinking upper airway obstruction

Question 26

How is a child’s trachea different than adult

Answer 26

more flexible

Question 27

How is a child’s epiglottis different than an adult

Answer 27

• floppier
• U shaped
• Longer

Question 28

Most common food items aspirated?

Answer 28

• hot dogs
• grapes
• Peanuts/candies
• vegetable pieces

Question 29

Earliest irregular exam finding in pediatric respiratory disease?

Answer 29

Tachypnea

Question 30

What is the most common cause of death in the home for toddlers 1 to 3

Answer 30

aspiration of foreign body

Question 31

Pathologic signs of respiratory disease

Answer 31

• wheezing
• stridor
• rales
• rhonchi

Question 32

If you witness a child coughing what do you do?

Answer 32

allow the child to cough

Question 33

What makes stridor

Answer 33

narrowing of airway