Hersh Opportunistic infections Flashcards
Can HAART therapy increase CD4 counts back to original level?
no
stain for PCP
methanamine silver stain or wright giemsa
What should you NOT use as protection against HIV/AIDS
nonoxyl-9 spermicide
extensive, painful vesicles on face, mouth, genitals
HSV
diagnosis of JC virus
- Brain biopsy is Gold standard
- PCR also available
virus for hairy leukoplakia
EBV
Treatment for cryptococcus neoformans
- fluconazole
- if severe, amphoB
treatment and prophylaxis for PCP
TMP-SMX (Bactrim
Easily scraped off tongue
Candida Albicans
in HIV patient what is positive PPD
> or equal to 5 mm induration
diagnosis for HSV
PCR and Tzank smear
Symptoms of CNS lymphoma
much like space occupying lesions of CNS
- focal neurological deficits
- papilledema
high risk strains of HPV
16 and 18
CNS lymphoma orginates from what
EBV
flying saucer or hot shaped fungus
pneumoncystic jiroceci
CD4 for Hairy leukoplakia
less than 400
prophylaxis of Toxo
less than 100
- retinitis - blurry vision
- Esophagitis- single deep ulceration
CMV
CD4 for cryptococcus neoformans
less than 100
Symptoms of D. Latum
- B12 deficiency
- megaloblastic anemia
Major cause of chronic diarrhea in HIV/AIDS
What is in stool?
STain?
Cryptosporidium
Ova
Acid fast
CD4 count for Mycobacterium Avium (MAC)
below 50
esophagitis- multiple shallow ulcerations
HSV
Symptoms of HSV encephalitis
RAPID onset of HA, fever, neurodificits, impaired consciousness
-involves temporal lobes
Links of HPV
oral and cervical cancer
Symptoms of HPV
anogenital lesions and can have oral manifestations
Prophylaxis for perinatal exposure of HIV
Ziduvodine
Transmission if circumcised
Decreased
Can you transmit the virus during clinical latency?
yes . . still virus shedding
what determines risk of transmission for HIV
viral load
tranmission with another STI
risk increased
What ages should people be screened at least once
13-64
What vaccine can give you a positive HIV test
influenza
Does NOT scrape off tongue and is painless
Hairy leukoplakia
Pharacologic approaches to wasting syndrome
- megesterol acetate
- dronabinol (anti emetic
- medical cannabis
what part of tongue for hairy leukoplakia
lateral tongue
Gold standard for SCREENING for HIV
ELISA for HIV antibody
Affects white matter but has cortical extension . .demyelination
JC virus . causes PML
Treatment of HSV encephalitis
IV acyclovir immediately
diagnosis of Toxo
- serum IgG
- Brain biopsy
What antigen does rapid HIV screen search for
p24
how do you detect D. Latum
I.d. of eggs in feces
Post exposure prophylaxis for HIV
Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Raltegravir
Loss of 10% of body wt
wasting syndrome
psuedohyphae
candida albicans
Prognostic indicators and progress of HIV to AIDS
absolute CD4 count
for initial detection prior to seroconversion, also used with HAART therapy and used to detect replicating virus
Viral load
When do you start HAART therapy
as soon as you get the diagnosis
CNS lymphoma has an incredible response to what?
IV steroids
how do you acquire D. Latum
eating Larvae in raw or undercooked fish
gold standard for CONFIRMATORY test after Elisa
Western Blot
syphilis testing for HIV pts
RPR and VDRL everying 6 months
time period for viral stabilization and CD4 count
8-10 years
Diagnosis of HSV encephalitis
PCR from CSF
how to confirm Candida Albicans
KOH wet prep
prophylaxis for MAC
Azithromycin
most commonly STI
HPV
increased risk for syphilis with HIV?
yes .. especially men having sex with men
CD4 count for Toxo
less than 100
Ground glass
PCP
type of pneumonia for PCP
diffuse interstitial pneumonia and also atypical
CD4 to get JC virus
less than 200
Owl’s eye inclusions
CMV
