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Respiratory Medicine > Hersh Opportunistic infections > Flashcards

Hersh Opportunistic infections Flashcards

1
Q

Can HAART therapy increase CD4 counts back to original level?

A

no

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2
Q

stain for PCP

A

methanamine silver stain or wright giemsa

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3
Q

What should you NOT use as protection against HIV/AIDS

A

nonoxyl-9 spermicide

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4
Q

extensive, painful vesicles on face, mouth, genitals

A

HSV

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5
Q

diagnosis of JC virus

A
  • Brain biopsy is Gold standard

- PCR also available

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6
Q

virus for hairy leukoplakia

A

EBV

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7
Q

Treatment for cryptococcus neoformans

A
  • fluconazole

- if severe, amphoB

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8
Q

treatment and prophylaxis for PCP

A

TMP-SMX (Bactrim

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9
Q

Easily scraped off tongue

A

Candida Albicans

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10
Q

in HIV patient what is positive PPD

A

> or equal to 5 mm induration

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11
Q

diagnosis for HSV

A

PCR and Tzank smear

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12
Q

Symptoms of CNS lymphoma

A

much like space occupying lesions of CNS

  • focal neurological deficits
  • papilledema
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13
Q

high risk strains of HPV

A

16 and 18

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14
Q

CNS lymphoma orginates from what

A

EBV

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15
Q

flying saucer or hot shaped fungus

A

pneumoncystic jiroceci

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16
Q

CD4 for Hairy leukoplakia

A

less than 400

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17
Q

prophylaxis of Toxo

A

less than 100

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18
Q
  • retinitis - blurry vision

- Esophagitis- single deep ulceration

A

CMV

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19
Q

CD4 for cryptococcus neoformans

A

less than 100

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20
Q

Symptoms of D. Latum

A
  • B12 deficiency

- megaloblastic anemia

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21
Q

Major cause of chronic diarrhea in HIV/AIDS

What is in stool?

STain?

A

Cryptosporidium

Ova

Acid fast

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22
Q

CD4 count for Mycobacterium Avium (MAC)

A

below 50

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23
Q

esophagitis- multiple shallow ulcerations

A

HSV

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24
Q

Symptoms of HSV encephalitis

A

RAPID onset of HA, fever, neurodificits, impaired consciousness
-involves temporal lobes

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25
Q

Links of HPV

A

oral and cervical cancer

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26
Q

Symptoms of HPV

A

anogenital lesions and can have oral manifestations

27
Q

Prophylaxis for perinatal exposure of HIV

A

Ziduvodine

28
Q

Transmission if circumcised

A

Decreased

29
Q

Can you transmit the virus during clinical latency?

A

yes . . still virus shedding

30
Q

what determines risk of transmission for HIV

A

viral load

31
Q

tranmission with another STI

A

risk increased

32
Q

What ages should people be screened at least once

A

13-64

33
Q

What vaccine can give you a positive HIV test

A

influenza

34
Q

Does NOT scrape off tongue and is painless

A

Hairy leukoplakia

35
Q

Pharacologic approaches to wasting syndrome

A
  • megesterol acetate
  • dronabinol (anti emetic
  • medical cannabis
36
Q

what part of tongue for hairy leukoplakia

A

lateral tongue

37
Q

Gold standard for SCREENING for HIV

A

ELISA for HIV antibody

38
Q

Affects white matter but has cortical extension . .demyelination

A

JC virus . causes PML

39
Q

Treatment of HSV encephalitis

A

IV acyclovir immediately

40
Q

diagnosis of Toxo

A
  • serum IgG

- Brain biopsy

41
Q

What antigen does rapid HIV screen search for

A

p24

42
Q

how do you detect D. Latum

A

I.d. of eggs in feces

43
Q

Post exposure prophylaxis for HIV

A

Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Raltegravir

44
Q

Loss of 10% of body wt

A

wasting syndrome

45
Q

psuedohyphae

A

candida albicans

46
Q

Prognostic indicators and progress of HIV to AIDS

A

absolute CD4 count

47
Q

for initial detection prior to seroconversion, also used with HAART therapy and used to detect replicating virus

A

Viral load

48
Q

When do you start HAART therapy

A

as soon as you get the diagnosis

49
Q

CNS lymphoma has an incredible response to what?

A

IV steroids

50
Q

how do you acquire D. Latum

A

eating Larvae in raw or undercooked fish

51
Q

gold standard for CONFIRMATORY test after Elisa

A

Western Blot

52
Q

syphilis testing for HIV pts

A

RPR and VDRL everying 6 months

53
Q

time period for viral stabilization and CD4 count

A

8-10 years

54
Q

Diagnosis of HSV encephalitis

A

PCR from CSF

55
Q

how to confirm Candida Albicans

A

KOH wet prep

56
Q

prophylaxis for MAC

A

Azithromycin

57
Q

most commonly STI

A

HPV

58
Q

increased risk for syphilis with HIV?

A

yes .. especially men having sex with men

59
Q

CD4 count for Toxo

A

less than 100

60
Q

Ground glass

A

PCP

61
Q

type of pneumonia for PCP

A

diffuse interstitial pneumonia and also atypical

62
Q

CD4 to get JC virus

A

less than 200

63
Q

Owl’s eye inclusions

A

CMV

Respiratory Medicine (37 decks)

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