Aminoglycosides

Question 1

Bowel sterilization

Answer 1

Neomycin

Question 2

mycobacterial TB

Answer 2

Streptomycin

Question 3

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 3

Tobramycin

Question 4

Gram (-) aerobes

Answer 4

Gentamycin

Question 5

Brucellosis

Answer 5

Gentamycin + doxycycline

Question 6

Tularemia

Answer 6

Gentamycin

Question 7

Plague (yersinia pestis)

Answer 7

Streptomycin + doxycycline

Question 8

Klebsiella (alcoholics and aspiration pneumo)

Answer 8

Gentamycin + pipericillin or ticarcillin

Question 9

Aminoglycosides have synergism with what other drugs for what conditions

Answer 9

Beta-lactams for streptococcal and enterococcal endocarditis

Question 10

restance development

Answer 10

bacteria produce enzymes that chemically modify the aminoglycosides

• acetylation
• adenylation
• phosphorylation

mutation of 30s

depletion of porins

Question 11

Adverse effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 11

• nephrotoxicity
• Ototoxicity/vestibular toxicity
• Neuromuscular blockade

Question 12

dosing for aminoglycosides to reduce toxicity

Answer 12

total daily dose as single injection

Question 13

Risk factors for developing nephrotoxicity with aminoglycosides

Answer 13

• low blood pressure
• Loop diuretics (furosemide)
• advanced age
• other nephrotoxic agents (cyclosporin in transplant and amphotericin in severe fungal infection)

Question 14

What patients are affected alot by the neuromuscular blockade?

Answer 14

Myasthenia Gravis