Hersh Pneumo CIS Flashcards
coccobacillis that exacerbates COPD
haemophilus
Empiric treatment for CAP in someone with increased risk for drug resistance
-Fluoroquinolone
or
-macrolide + beta-lactam
describe each thing that gives you a point on a CURB-65 score for know how to admit a patient
- Confusion
- Blood UREA nitrogen 20 or higher
- RESPIRATORY rate 30 or higher
- BLOOD pressure systolic less than 90 or diastolic less than 60
- Age 65 or older
encapsulated bacteria that produces pyocyanin and pyoverdin
psuedomonas
age range for atypical pneumonia
younger adults
if someone is ambulatory, what empiric treatment do you give for CAP?
if not tolerated then what?
Macrolide
Doxycycline
Empiric treatment for CAP in a hospitalized pt
fluoroquinolone
`fried egg
mycoplasma pneumo
Alginate biofilms
pseudomonas
- india ink stain
- pigeons
- meningitis
cryptococcus
buffered charcoal yeast extract
legionella
CURB-65 score of 2
Moderately severe; short inpatient hospitalization or closely supervised outpatient treatment
hyponatremia and relative bradycardia with high temp
Legionella
- fowl smelling
- poor dentition
Treatment?
- anaerobes
- Fusiform and bacterioides
clindamycin
fungi that can have erythamtous nodules that are also seen with sarcoidosis
Cocci
what are the 2 pneumoncoccal vaccines and who gets them
Pneumovax and prevnar 13
- Age 65 or older
- asplenic pts
- pts 2-64 with risk factors
orthomyxovirus
- single stranded
- flu
Preferred diagnostic tool for orthomyxovirus
PCR
Asian coronovirus
SARS
What 3 things cause atypical pneumonia
- mycoplasma pneumonia
- chlamydia pneumonia
- legionella pneumonia (more severe)
fungi with narrow based budding
Histo
green tinged sputum
pseudomonas
treat H5N1 with what
Oseltamivir
- macconkey agar
- Lactose fermenter
Klebsiella
Macconkey agar is used for gram negatives
pneumonic for encapsulated bacteria
Some Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules
- Strep pneumo
- Klebsiella
- Haemophilus
- Psuedomonas
- Neiserria meningitidis
- cryptococcus
gram negative diplococci that exacerbates COPD
moraxella
- meningeal signs and jaundice
- subconjuctival hemorrhages
- possibly causing spontaneous abortions of animals
Leptospirosis which is a spirochete
how do you resolve cocci
it resolves on its own
Salmon colored sputum
Staph
- upper respiratory stuff
- conjunctivitis
- young military recruits
- icosahedral
Adenovirus
Characteristics of mycoplasma Pneumonia?
- no cell wall
- microcytic anemia
- cold agglutinins
- needs NAD and cysteine to grow
- Amoxicillin INEFFECTIVE due to no cell wall
Rust colored sputum
strep pneumo
Which pathogenic fungi can calcify and create a coin lesion
Histo
What should you absolutely not give kids in an attempt to treat a viral infection
ASA . . causes Reyes syndrome
fungi that can have neurologic symptoms and Broad based budding
blasto
Empiric treatment for CAP in ICU pt
fluoroquinolone + antipneumococcal beta lactam (3rd gen ceph or amp sulbactam)
-add piperacillin-tazobactam, cefipime or a “penem” for pneudomonal coverage
chocolate Agar
- Haemophilus
- Neisseria
What does atypical pneumonia follow?
URI like symptoms: rhinitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis
Caves . . bat or bird droppings
histo
elementary bodies
chlamydia
What is bullous myringitis and what organism can cause it?
inflammation of tympanic membranes
Mycoplasma pneumo
- similar to orthomyxo
- history of exposure to dead or sick poultry
H5N1
What kind of infection is procalcitonin elevated?
bacterial
a nosocomial infection required 2 of the following
- Fever
- Leukocytosis
- purulent sputum
in the presence of a new or progressing pulmonary opacity on CXR
CURB-65 score of 3-5
Severe pneumonia; hospitalization required; consider ICU admission
coronavirus in saudi arabia and respiratory stuff
MERS
- BC agar
- Gram neg
- Catalase +
- Does NOT ferment lactose
Burkholderia cepacia
CURB-65 score of 0-1
Low risk; outpatient treatment
What do you use first for community acquired pneumonia
Macrolide . . Z pack is Azithromycin
what 2 organisms are urinary antigens useful
Legionella and strep pneumo
