PDX_13_Plumbing Details 2 Flashcards
Vertical cast-iron pipe extending from sidewalk level down to shut-off @ water-main connection.
Used by municipality to turn service on/off to bldg.
Accessed by a special wrench.
Curb box
Controls water (or gas) from public main to customer, located where service taps into main. Typically not accessible w/o digging up the street.
Corporation Stop
Type of pipe used most commonly for sanitary lines
Cast iron
Copper most commonly used for supply piping because:
Resistant to corrosion.
High-strength.
Low friction loss.
Small outside diameter.
Grades of copper pipe:
Thickest wall, comes in straight lengths, coils, and used for underground supply when greatest strength req’d
K
Grades of copper pipe:
Thinner walls and comes in straight lengths or coils, commonly used for most interior plumbing (most common typ)
L
Grades of copper pipe:
DWV
Drainage, waste, and vent piping.
Not subject to pressure.
(Rarely used)
Grades of copper pipe:
Thinnest, available straight length only.
Used @ low-pressure, like branch supply, chilled water, and drainage.
M
Grades of copper pipe:
From thickest to thinnest
KLM
DWV
Used when water is not corrosive, utilizes difficult screw fitting assembly joined mechanically w/ threaded collars
Galvanized steel
Schedule 40 is most common
Used in residential for supply piping, still restricted by some codes
Plastic
Plastic pipe used for hot water
Polyvinyl dichloride
PVDC
Plastic can expand __ x more than copper
3.5 times
Plastic pipe, black, used only for drain lines
ABS
Plastic pipe, white, used for cold supply
Polyvinyl chloride
PVC
Plastic pipe and tubing
Polyethylene
PE
For these materials, fittings are larger than pipe so can be slipped in
Copper and plastic fittings
Allow for selective shut down w/o affecting rest of system
Valves
This valve used when control is either totally on or off.
Only minor friction loss.
Seats a metal wedge against two metal parts of the valve.
Gate valve
This valve is used when flow is variable and frequently controlled like faucets or hose bib.
Friction loss is high.
Globe Valve
Similar to a globe valve but at angle
Angle valve
This valve allows one way flow, is open/closed by pressure on a ball that fits into a cup shaped opening, used for regulating flow.
Ball valve
Works automatically by allowing water to flow one direction, backflow causes valve to close, typically used to prevent sanitary waste from flowing into potable supply
Check valve
This valve allows one way flow,
mechanism is like a rotating disk attached to a spindle used for isolating or regulating flow.
Butterfly valve
The specialized component prevents waterhammer.
Air chambers/shock absorbers
This valve used to control or limit pressure in system
by diverting fluid to alt route,
allowing pressure to drop, then valve closes.
Relief valve
This specialized component is required on fixtures if the supply pressure is too high.
Reduce excessive wear on fixtures.
Pressure reducers
Friction in pipes is a function of:
Pipe diameter and flow rate
For the same flow rate, smaller diameter of the pipe equals greater friction.
Pipe velocity above __ ft/sec of waterflow is noisy.
And sound sensitive areas, anything above__ ft/sec too noisy.
10 ft./s is noisy
6 ft./s is too noisy in sound sensitive area
When calculating number of plumbing fixtures,
unless otherwise stated, assume this
breakdown of men and women
50-50
