PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS

Question 1

Catabolic disorder is characterized by:

Answer 1

• Absolute lack of insulin ( makes them prose to keto acidosis)
• hyperglycemia
• breakdown of fats and proteins (instead of carbs)

Question 2

With an autoimmune disorder, what does genetics an environmental triggering cause?

Answer 2

A t-lymphocyte mediated hypersensitivity reaction against some beta cell antigen

Question 3

What are the two folds of beta cell destruction?

Answer 3

1. Lymphocyte an macrophage infiltration of the islets resulting in inflammation (insulitis) and islet beta cell death
2. production of autoantibodies against islet cells, insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) an other cytoplasmic proteins

Question 4

What is glutamic acid decarboxylase?

Answer 4

Is an enzyme that converts glutamate into GABA, a neurotransmitter