DIAGNOSTIC TESTS Flashcards
what is the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus based on?
result of blood tests measuring plasma glucose
for a Fasting Plasma Glucose diagnostic test, how long must the person fast for?
8 hours
what is the mmol/L (fasting plasma glucose) for normal, impaired FPG, and diabetes?
normal: <6.0 mmol/L
impaired FPG: 6.1-6.9 mmol/L
diabetes: >7.0 mmol/L on 2 occasions
do you need to fast for a range plasma glucose test?
NO - can be done w no regard to time or last meal
what is the mmol/L if you have diabetes (range plasma glucose test)?
> 11.1 mmol/L + clinical manifestations
what does oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measure?
measures plasma glucose to 75g concentrated glucose solution at 2 hours post glucose load
what is the mmol/L if you have diabetes(oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT))?
11.1 mmol/L
what does glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test measure?
measures proportion of glycated hemoglobin in circulation
- reflects average plasma glucose over past 2-3 months - can be taken anytime of day- avoids problems of day to day variations
what is the mmol/L if you have diabetes (glycated hemoglobin A1C)?
> 6.5%
what is the capillary blood glucose monitoring?
- gold standard
- use capillary blood by pricking finger/forearm - blood is placed on strip, strip is entered into a glucometer to determine capillary blood glucose
what blood is used in a capillary blood glucose monitoring test?
whole blood is used which gives results that are 10-15% lower then when blood plasma is used in lab tests
what is the hemoglobin A1C test?
-standard in care of management of diabe†es
-measures glycosylation of hemoglobinby glucose to provide an index of blood glucose levels over a course of 6-12 weeks
When glucose enters the RBC, does it require insulin? Why or why not?
NO
- therefore, the rate at which glucose becomes attached to Hg is dependent on blood glucose levels
what happens during a RBCs 120 lifespan?
they become glycated to form HbA1b, HbA1a and HbA1c (A1C)
is glycosylation of Hg reversible?
NO
- and individuals with hyperglycaemia will have a higher % of glycosylated
