Pathology of Lymph Nodes I

Question 1

what are inbetween germinal centres?

Answer 1

T cells

Question 2

2 causes of lymphadenopathy

Answer 2

reactive: infectious, non infectious
neoplastic: lymphoma, mets

Question 3

3 ways to sample a lymph node

Answer 3

FNA
core
excision

Question 4

problems with FNA?

Answer 4

small and deep
no architecture
small amount of tissue

Question 5

tingible body macrophages means?

Answer 5

some sort of reactive process

Question 6

granulomas contain what? in what?

Answer 6

cluster of histiocytes with multinucleate giant cells

seminoma, sarcoid, TB

Question 7

lymphoma and carcinoma what cells look like under microscope?

Answer 7

lymphoma, melanoma: usu single cells

carcinoma: clumps

Question 8

melanoma mets micro see what special cells?

Answer 8

binucleate cells

Question 9

sarcoma cells look like?

Answer 9

spindle like

Question 10

best type of biopsy for lymphoma?

Answer 10

excision

needs GA and theatre time

Question 11

non infective reactive lymphadenopathy?

Answer 11

systemic: sarcoid (bilateral hilar), RA, SLE, drugs
adjacent: tumours, foreign body

Question 12

is size predictive of lymph tumours?

Answer 12

Nope

Question 13

which white cells indicate what kind of infections?

Answer 13

neutrophils: bacterial
eosinophils: parasitic
organism: bac, viral inclusions, etc.
necrotising granulomas - TB and fungal

Question 14

what condition has non-necrotising granulomas?

Answer 14

sarcoidosis

Question 15

granulomatas occur with?

Answer 15

toxoplasmosis

Question 16

young patients get what kind of lymphomas?

Answer 16

hodgkin
burkitt’s
lymphoblastic
anaplastic large cell

Question 17

middle aged patients get what kind of lymphomas?

Answer 17

follicular

marginal zone

Question 18

elderly patients get what kind of lymphomas?

Answer 18

CLL, SLL

diffuse large cell

Question 19

hodgkin site?

Answer 19

neck

mediastinum

Question 20

marginal zone site?

Answer 20

upper GI, mucosal

Question 21

diffuse large B-cell site

Answer 21

retroperitoneal

Question 22

T-cell lymphoma site?

Answer 22

groin

Question 23

polyclonal process is malignant or beningn?

Answer 23

benign

Question 24

2 kinds of light chains on usual ratio? what is abberrant?

Answer 24

kappa
lambda
1:1 ratio

if more than 16:1 = trouble

Question 25

expression of CD20 means?

Answer 25

B-cell

Question 26

expression of CD20, CD5, CD 23 together means?

Answer 26

classic CLL

Question 27

T-cell lymphomas lose what CD?

Answer 27

CD5 | CD7

Question 28

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma types?

Answer 28

B cell T cell NK cell null cell type

Question 29

Burkitt lymphoma looks like?

Answer 29

starry sky pattern

Question 30

hodkin's see what in the blood often?

Answer 30

eosinophils

Question 31

how to tell if a non-hodgkin is B, T, NK cell? 2 ways

Answer 31

flow cytometry | immunohistochemistry

Question 32

what kind of tissue need for flow cytometry?

Answer 32

fresh tissue

Question 33

flow cytometry best for what kind of lymphomas?

Answer 33

B-cell lymphomas

Question 34

flow cytometry for hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 34

Nope, doesn't express B, T, NK markers

Question 35

immunohistochemistry for lymphoma for what?

Answer 35

check for Abs for B, T, NK cell markers, the CDs

Question 36

what nodal mets do you get?

Answer 36

carcinomas | melanomas

Question 37

sarcomas have nodal mets?

Answer 37

usually not

Question 38

what is considered macro mets?

Answer 38

>2mm

Question 39

what is micromets size?

Answer 39

>0.2mm to

Question 40

common site for nodal mets in lymphoma?

Answer 40

hilum of lymph node

Question 41

what is sentinel node?

Answer 41

first node that the lymph drains to from a tumour bearing area

Question 42

germinal centre has what?

Answer 42

B-cells