CKD in Indigenous

Question 1

most common cause of CKD in indigenous ppl?

Answer 1

diabetes

Question 2

eGFR reliable?

Answer 2

Not over 90

doesn’t change management

Question 3

how to investigate kidneys?

Answer 3

bloods
ultrasound: size, echogenicity
urine

Question 4

diabetes and kidney size?

Answer 4

initially grows to compensate, then shrinks, scarring

Question 5

urine albumin/creatinine ratio for?

Answer 5

picking up early CKD

cardiovascular risks

Question 6

how to treat albuminuria?

Answer 6

• control BP (ACE inhibitors-relaxes efferent arteries)
• Hba1c: around 7
• nutrition

Question 7

Target BP for proteinuria?

Answer 7

125/75

Question 8

CKD definition 3: components

Answer 8

1. anatomical or structural component
2. functional component (GFR)
3. temporal component (on 2 occasions in a 3/12 period)

Question 9

CKD stages, eGFR numbers:

Answer 9

Stage 5: 90 with proteinuria or a structural component (transplant)

Question 10

damaging pre-conditions for CKD

Answer 10

low birth weight
nutrition, education
obesity, DM2, smoking, infection

Question 11

how does low birth weight affect nephrons?

Answer 11

endowed with less nephrons to begin with

Question 12

CKD will predispose you to what other conditions:

Answer 12

CVD
HTN
DM2
Infection

Question 13

Kidneys W.A.S.H.?

Answer 13

Waste
Acid-Base
Salt & Water
Hormones: EPO, CaP

Question 14

3 checks for CKD?

Answer 14

BP
Blood
Urine

Question 15

what to do before you give EPO?

Answer 15

make sure Iron levels/stores are optimised