Pathology - Lymph Nodes 2 Flashcards
plasmacytoma is?
solitary,
no bone marrow involvement
no hypercalcaemia
multiple myeloma is?
bone marrow involvement
multi-focal
who gets multiple myeloma?
males>females
>age 70
consequence of multiple myeloma?
prone to thrombi due to increase viscosity
multiple myeloma, what to look for in urine?
Bence Jones proteins
renal manifestations of multiple myeloma?
renal stones: hypercalcaemia infection cast nephropathy (Bence Jones stuck in tubules) neoplastic infiltration amyloidosis
what is amyloidosis?
pathologic extracellular protein: misfolding of proteins into B-pleated sheets, and deposit in organ(s)
where does amyloidosis deposit?
GIT (most) rectal tongue heart kidneys lungs nerves skin spleen liver thyroid soft tissue
difference between primary or secondary amyloidosis?
primary: plasma cell, MGUS, light chains, often lambda, multiple organ deposits (AL Type)
secondary: systemic inflammatory, TB (AA type)
risk of amyloid angiopaphy?
cerebral haemorrhage
where is amyloid angiopathy?
in the vessel wall, could look like vasculitis
endocrine amyloid?
thyroid
islets of langerhan
amyloidosis does what to organs?
cardiac: restrictive, arrythmia
renal: nephrotic syndrome and failure
classic stain for amyloid?
Congo Red Stain
white pulp in spleen contains?
B-zone: germinal centre,mantle, marginal zones
T-zone: around arteriole
what is red zone in the spleen?
blood vessels
causes of hypersplenism?
cysts congenital acquired autoimmune lymphoma amyloid
sarcoid granuloma is what?
non caseating granuloma
lymphoma has rise in white or red pulp in spleen?
white pulp
macro of hodgkin lymphoma look like?
beefy red with around with atrophic white pulp
Plasma cells look like?
clock-face nuclei
eccentric round nuclei
