Pathology - Lymph Nodes 2

Question 1

plasmacytoma is?

Answer 1

solitary,
no bone marrow involvement
no hypercalcaemia

Question 2

multiple myeloma is?

Answer 2

bone marrow involvement

multi-focal

Question 3

who gets multiple myeloma?

Answer 3

males>females

>age 70

Question 4

consequence of multiple myeloma?

Answer 4

prone to thrombi due to increase viscosity

Question 5

multiple myeloma, what to look for in urine?

Answer 5

Bence Jones proteins

Question 6

renal manifestations of multiple myeloma?

Answer 6

renal stones: hypercalcaemia
infection
cast nephropathy (Bence Jones stuck in tubules)
neoplastic infiltration
amyloidosis

Question 7

what is amyloidosis?

Answer 7

pathologic extracellular protein: misfolding of proteins into B-pleated sheets, and deposit in organ(s)

Question 8

where does amyloidosis deposit?

Answer 8

GIT (most) rectal
tongue
heart
kidneys
lungs
nerves
skin
spleen
liver
thyroid
soft tissue

Question 9

difference between primary or secondary amyloidosis?

Answer 9

primary: plasma cell, MGUS, light chains, often lambda, multiple organ deposits (AL Type)
secondary: systemic inflammatory, TB (AA type)

Question 10

risk of amyloid angiopaphy?

Answer 10

cerebral haemorrhage

Question 11

where is amyloid angiopathy?

Answer 11

in the vessel wall, could look like vasculitis

Question 12

endocrine amyloid?

Answer 12

thyroid

islets of langerhan

Question 13

amyloidosis does what to organs?

Answer 13

cardiac: restrictive, arrythmia
renal: nephrotic syndrome and failure

Question 14

classic stain for amyloid?

Answer 14

Congo Red Stain

Question 15

white pulp in spleen contains?

Answer 15

B-zone: germinal centre,mantle, marginal zones

T-zone: around arteriole

Question 16

what is red zone in the spleen?

Answer 16

blood vessels

Question 17

causes of hypersplenism?

Answer 17

cysts
congenital
acquired
autoimmune
lymphoma
amyloid

Question 18

sarcoid granuloma is what?

Answer 18

non caseating granuloma

Question 19

lymphoma has rise in white or red pulp in spleen?

Answer 19

white pulp

Question 20

macro of hodgkin lymphoma look like?

Answer 20

beefy red with around with atrophic white pulp

Question 21

Plasma cells look like?

Answer 21

clock-face nuclei

eccentric round nuclei