Pathology Flashcards
Describe the different routes by which infections are transmitted (6)
- Contact
- Droplets
- Airborne transmission
- Ingestion
- Inoculation
- Transplacental
Influenza , Whooping cough, and Coronaviruses are typically spread through
Droplet transmission
How long can aerosolised particles remain suspended in the air?
Several hours
Tuberculosis and measles can be spread by
airborne transmission
Salmonella bacteria is often transmitted by
ingestion
Hepatits B and rabies are examples of diseases that are transmitted by
Inoculation
Name two examples of diseases that have transplacental transmission
HIV and syphilis
Transmission of infection that occurs through accidental sharps injury (such as a needlestick) or a bite is called
innoculation
When a susceptible person comes in contact with contaminated (infectious) objects, this type of transmission is known as
indirect contact
The two types of contact transmission are
Direct and indirect
The key to stopping infection is to break the…
chain of transmission
The period between infection and the onset of disease is known as the
incubation period
The time from infection to infectiousness, or the time from exposure to symptom manifestation
Latent period
An infection that is hidden, inactive, or dormant
Latency
Name three examples of viruses that have a latent period
HIV, HSV, and EBV
The invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents
Infection
Infections can be either ______ or ________
acute or chronic
When an infection continues beyond the time when the immune system should have cleared it, this is known as a
chronic infection
A microorganism that causes, or can cause, disease
a pathogen
This type of pathogens almost always cause disease
professional
This is a type of microorganism is only pathogenic in immunocomprimised patients
opportunistic
A microorganism that lives on, or in parts of the body without causing disease is considered
commensal
True or false: Commensal microorganisms can be pathogenic in immunocompromised patients
true
The disease-causing properties of the bacteria describe its
virulence
The probability that an organism is causing disease when it is isolated from a patient is known as
pathogenicity
