NME Anatomy

Question 1

Which ligament defines the boundary between the left and right lobes of the liver?

Answer 1

The falciform ligament

Question 2

What is the area of the liver that is in direct contact with the under surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 2

the bare area

Question 3

The quadrate lobe of the liver is functionally regarded as part of the ______ lobe of the liver since its arterial supply is from the left hepatic artery and bile from this lobe flows to the left hepatic duct.

Answer 3

left

Question 4

What is the first ventral branch from the abdominal aorta?

Answer 4

The coeliac artery

Question 5

Name the “artery of the foregut”

Answer 5

the coeliac artery

Question 6

name the three branches of the coeliac artery

Answer 6

the common hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries

Question 7

which artery supplies blood to the liver?

Answer 7

the common hepatic artery

Question 8

which vein carries blood from the GI tract into the liver?

Answer 8

the portal vein

Question 9

Name the three components of the portal triad

Answer 9

1. Hepatic artery
2. Portal Vein
3. Bile duct

Question 10

Which two veins join to form the hepatic portal vein?

Answer 10

splenic and superior mesenteric veins

Question 11

What are the tributaries (organs that drain into) the portal vein

Answer 11

The stomach, intestines, spleen and pancreas

Question 12

What is the anatomical landmark that separates the upper GI tract from the lower GI tract?

Answer 12

the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (aka the ligament of Treitz)

Question 13

The tip of the 9th costal cartilage or the midpoint between the jugular notch and pubic symphysis marks which anatomical landmark (anteriorly)?

Answer 13

The transpyloric plane

Question 14

The transpyloric plane corresponds with which vertebral level (posteriorly)?

Answer 14

L1

Question 15

Which part of the kidney is at the level of the transpyloric plane?

Answer 15

the hilum

Question 16

The nephrons are located in which part of the kidney?

Answer 16

The outer cortex

Question 17

The pyramids are located in which part of the kidney?

Answer 17

The medulla

Question 18

Name the three common sites of ureteral constriction

Answer 18

1. Pelvi-ureteric junction (L2-L3)
2. Crossing illiac vessels (pelvic brim)
3. Entering the bladder at the utero-vesicular junction (ischial spines)

Question 19

Renal pain is generally referred to the cutaneous area of

Answer 19

T12 (inferior to the umbilicus- “Loin to groin” pain)

Question 20

The pelvic-ureteric junction is at which vertebral level?

Answer 20

L2/L3

Question 21

What is the bony landmark for the “middle” ureteric constriction point?

Answer 21

The pelvic brim or the SI joint

Question 22

Name the bony landmark associated with the utero-vesicluar junction (where the ureters enter the bladder)

Answer 22

Ischial spines

Question 23

The right and left renal arteries branch from the aorta at the level of

Answer 23

L2

Question 24

The Celiac trunk (artery) is at what vertebral level?

Answer 24

T12

Question 25

Vertebral level of branch of superior mesenteric

Answer 25

L1

Question 26

Vertebral levels of branch of inferior mesenteric

Answer 26

L3

Question 27

Vertebral level of Branches of gonadal arteries

Answer 27

L2

Question 28

Vertebral level of IVC formation

Answer 28

L5

Question 29

Vertebral level of Aorta bifurcation

Answer 29

L4/L5

Question 30

The pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4) are part of the _______________ nervous system and supply the pelvic organs.

Answer 30

parasympathetic

Question 31

Which nerve roots supply PARASYMPATHETIC nerve supply to the pelvic organs (and some parts of the hind gut, from the splenic flexure onwards?)

Answer 31

S2, S3, S4