NME Anatomy Flashcards
Which ligament defines the boundary between the left and right lobes of the liver?
The falciform ligament
What is the area of the liver that is in direct contact with the under surface of the diaphragm?
the bare area
The quadrate lobe of the liver is functionally regarded as part of the ______ lobe of the liver since its arterial supply is from the left hepatic artery and bile from this lobe flows to the left hepatic duct.
left
What is the first ventral branch from the abdominal aorta?
The coeliac artery
Name the “artery of the foregut”
the coeliac artery
name the three branches of the coeliac artery
the common hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries
which artery supplies blood to the liver?
the common hepatic artery
which vein carries blood from the GI tract into the liver?
the portal vein
Name the three components of the portal triad
- Hepatic artery
- Portal Vein
- Bile duct
Which two veins join to form the hepatic portal vein?
splenic and superior mesenteric veins
What are the tributaries (organs that drain into) the portal vein
The stomach, intestines, spleen and pancreas
What is the anatomical landmark that separates the upper GI tract from the lower GI tract?
the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (aka the ligament of Treitz)
The tip of the 9th costal cartilage or the midpoint between the jugular notch and pubic symphysis marks which anatomical landmark (anteriorly)?
The transpyloric plane
The transpyloric plane corresponds with which vertebral level (posteriorly)?
L1
Which part of the kidney is at the level of the transpyloric plane?
the hilum
The nephrons are located in which part of the kidney?
The outer cortex
The pyramids are located in which part of the kidney?
The medulla
Name the three common sites of ureteral constriction
- Pelvi-ureteric junction (L2-L3)
- Crossing illiac vessels (pelvic brim)
- Entering the bladder at the utero-vesicular junction (ischial spines)
Renal pain is generally referred to the cutaneous area of
T12 (inferior to the umbilicus- “Loin to groin” pain)
The pelvic-ureteric junction is at which vertebral level?
L2/L3
What is the bony landmark for the “middle” ureteric constriction point?
The pelvic brim or the SI joint
Name the bony landmark associated with the utero-vesicluar junction (where the ureters enter the bladder)
Ischial spines
The right and left renal arteries branch from the aorta at the level of
L2
The Celiac trunk (artery) is at what vertebral level?
T12
Vertebral level of branch of superior mesenteric
L1
Vertebral levels of branch of inferior mesenteric
L3
Vertebral level of Branches of gonadal arteries
L2
Vertebral level of IVC formation
L5
Vertebral level of Aorta bifurcation
L4/L5
The pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4) are part of the _______________ nervous system and supply the pelvic organs.
parasympathetic
Which nerve roots supply PARASYMPATHETIC nerve supply to the pelvic organs (and some parts of the hind gut, from the splenic flexure onwards?)
S2, S3, S4
