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Principles of disease > Pathogens and Host - Immunity > Flashcards

Pathogens and Host - Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What type of phagocytic cell is acute - short lived?

A

Polymorphs

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2
Q

What type of phagocytic cell is chronic - long lived?

A

Macrophages

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3
Q

Where can you find fixed macrophages?

A

Liver, spleen, lymph nodes

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4
Q

What are the three types of polymorphs?

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils

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5
Q

What type of organisms are resistant to intracellular killing?

A

Capsulate organisms

(Bacteria with polysaccharide capsule/coating)

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6
Q

The spleen clears the blood, what does the liver clear?

A

Entero-hepatic circulation

(Involving intestine/liver, circulation of bile salts)

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7
Q

What receptors do phagocytes have

A

Antibody receptors
Complement Receptors
Both used in opsonisation

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8
Q

What immunoglobulin is responsible for the primary response?

A

IgM

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9
Q

What immunoglobulin is responsible for the secondary response?

A

IgG

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10
Q

What immunoglobulin is responsible for mucosal activity?

A

IgA

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11
Q

What immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic response?

A

IgE

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12
Q

What is an immunoglobulin?

A

A protein with antibody activity

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13
Q

What is another word for effector B cells that produce antibodies?

A

Plasma Cells

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14
Q

What is the effect of the activation of the helper T cell on the B cell?

A

Causes B cell to differentiate into memory and effector B cells (plasma cells)

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15
Q

What triggers compliment?

A

Antibody - IgG or IgM only and its specific antigen

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16
Q

How are antobodies useful in fighting an infection?

A

Neutralises:
Bacterial toxins (tetanus),
Viruses in viremia stage
Prevents adherence of microorganisms
Opsonises capsulate organisms

Useful means of diagnosis

17
Q

What type of organism can compliment lyse?

A

Gram negative organisms

18
Q

How can complement attract polymorphs?

A

Complement cascade by-products are chemotactic

19
Q

What are the different aspects of humoral immunity?

A

Mediated by macromolecules found in ECF
Includes antibodies and compliment
Usually responds to bacterial infection
Causes inflammation

20
Q

How do macrophages stimulate T cells?

A

They are antigen presenting cells

21
Q

Which T cells are responsible for cytokine release?

A

Helper T cells

22
Q

What do CD4 Th2 cells control?

A

B cell antibody response

23
Q

Give an example of a bacteria that is capable of resisting intracellular killing

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Principles of disease (47 decks)

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