Path 12 Bone Cancer

Question 1

Osteoma

Answer 1

Benign tumor of skull and face (elderly)

• Mass effect on CN
• Cortical bone appearance

Question 2

Osteoma syndrome

Answer 2

Gardner syndrome

Question 3

Osteoid Osteoma

Answer 3

Benign tumor of tibia and femur metaphysis

• Males, 10-20y
• Painful

Question 4

Osteosarcoma

Answer 4

Malignant medullary tumor

• Primary in young males, secondary in elderly after Paget’s (fatal)
• Codman’s triangle (lifted periosteum) or Sunburst appearance

Question 5

Osteosarcoma syndrome

Answer 5

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Question 6

Appearance:

• Osteoma
• Osteoid Osteoma
• Osteosarcoma

Answer 6

• Dense cortical structure
• Woven trabeculae filled with fibrous connective tissue
• Lacy osteoid, malignant cells

Question 7

Osteochondroma

Answer 7

Joint-like excrescence

-Arise near growth plates of long bones, stop when they stop

Question 8

Chondroma syndromes

Answer 8

Ollier disease - unilateral

Maffucci syndrome - multiple + hemangiomas

Question 9

Chondroma

Answer 9

Benign tumor of hand & foot metaphyses

Question 10

Chondrosarcoma

Answer 10

Malignant tumor of axial skeleton

-Chemoresistant

Question 11

Leiomyoma

Answer 11

Fibroid smooth muscle tumor

• Most common neoplasm in women
• Enlarge with estrogen, regress with progesterone

Question 12

Leiomyosarcoma

Answer 12

Fibroma with mitotic figures

-Commonly retroperitoneal

Question 13

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 13

Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

-Common in children

Question 14

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 14

Infants

-Good prognosis

Question 15

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 15

Adolescents

• t(2;13) translocation
• Medium prognosis

Question 16

Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 16

Infant girls (vagina)

• “bunch of grapes”
• Fatal

Question 17

Lipoma

Answer 17

Benign subcutaneous tumor

Question 18

Liposarcoma

Answer 18

Malignant deep tissue / retroperitoneum

• Lipoblasts
• Lipid vacuoles scallop the nucleus

Question 19

Ewing sarcoma

Answer 19

PNET- Primary NeuroEctoderm tumor

• Lifted onion-skin bone lesion (femur and pelvis)
• White adolescents
• (11;22) translocation

Question 20

Ewing sarcoma histo

Answer 20

Sheets of blue cells in trabeculae

-Homer-Wright rosettes (central fibrillary space)

Question 21

Giant Cell Tumor

Answer 21

Benign aggressive tumor of long bone joints (subchondral)

• Presents as arthritis
• Soap bubble appearance

Question 22

Metastatic tumors

Answer 22

Most common skeletal malignancy