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Dealing with Threats > Path 1: Introduction to Animal Pathology > Flashcards

Path 1: Introduction to Animal Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What is pathology?

A

science analyzing molecular, functional, and structural response of cell and tissues to an aggression aiming to understand the process of disease and to reach a diagnosis (I .E. THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES DISEASE)

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2
Q

What is the connection between pathology and clinical medicine

A

disease diagnosis, drug discovery and development, and research

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3
Q

When is pathology most useful?

A

When it is used as a diagnostic tool

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4
Q

What are some tools of a veterinary pathologist?

A

postmortem examination
histopath
electron microscopy
molecular techniques
immunohistochemistry

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5
Q

Define anatomy

A

shape and structure of organisms

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6
Q

Define anatomic relationship

A

morphologic alterations

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7
Q

Define pathogenesis

A

mechanism of disease

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8
Q

Define diagnosis

A

medical ability to recognize lesions in live or dead animal, understanding etiology and pathogenesis, and establishing recs for treatment and prevention of disease

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9
Q

Define necropsy/autopsy

A

postmortem exam

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10
Q

Define lesion

A

abnormal tissue change

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11
Q

Define etiology

A

cause of disease

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12
Q

What are the 2 main disease etiological factors?

A

determinant factors
predisposing

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13
Q

Define determinant factors of disease and what are the 2 main types?

A

Factor making something happen or leads directly to disease
Intrinsic and extrinsic

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14
Q

What are the 3 main extrinsic determinant factors?

A

Biologic
physical
chemical

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15
Q

What etiologic factor are the following:
prions
virus
bacteria
fungi
parasites
humans

A

Determinant
Extrinsic
Biologic

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16
Q

What are the determinant extrinsic biologic factors of disease

A

prions
virus
bacteria
fungi
parasites
humans

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17
Q

What are the determinant extrinsic physical mechanical factors of disease?

A

Abrasion
Laceration
Puncture
Incision
Perforations
Rupture
Fracture

18
Q

Define abrasion

A

skin damage with loss of epidermis and some dermis

19
Q

Define laceration

A

deep cut or tear in skin/flesh

20
Q

Define puncture

A

penetrating wounds caused by sharp object

21
Q

Define incision

A

wound created by sharp tool

22
Q

Define perforation

A

hole that develops through wall of body organ

23
Q

Define rupture

A

break/tear in any organ or soft tissue

24
Q

Define fracture

A

crack/break of bone or hard material

25
Q

What are the determinant extrinsic chemical exogenous factors of disease?

A

Toxins such as mycotoxins, rodenticides, insecticides, and toxic plants
Drugs
Poisons
Meds

26
Q

What are the determinant extrinsic chemical endogenous factors of disease?

A

metabolites
free rads
toxicants such as uremia, burns, gangrene

27
Q

Define predisposing factor of disease and what are the 2 main types

A

Render an individual vulnerable to disease or disorder
Intrinsic or extrinsic

28
Q

What are the predisposing intrinsic factors of disease?

A

species, breed, age, sex, color, idiosyncrasy

29
Q

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for species?

A

rabbits prone to myxomastitis/poxvirus
Horses prone to verminous aneurysm
Sheep prone to Osetrus ovis

30
Q

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for breed?

A

Boxers prone to tumors
Holstien cows prone to mastitis

31
Q

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for age?

A

Young dogs prone to parvo
Old dogs prone to benign prostatic hyperplasia

32
Q

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for sex?

A

Females prone to pyometra and mastitis
Males prone to testicular tumors

33
Q

What are some examples of predisposed diseases for color?

A

White animals prone to squamous cell carcinoma of depigmented areas

34
Q

Define idiosyncrasy

A

structural or behavioral characteristic unique to individual or group

35
Q

What are the predisposing extrinsic factors of disease?

A

Temperature
Nutrition

36
Q

Pertaining to nutrition, there could be ______ or _____ causing disease

A

Excess or deficiency

37
Q

In what order does an animal accumulate fat?

A

bone marrow, pericardial groove, peri renal area, abdomen (mesentery), subcut.

38
Q

In what order does an animal lose fat?

A

subcut, abdomen (mesentery), peri renal area, pericardial groove, bone marrow

39
Q

What are the determinant, extrinsic, physical factors of disease

A

mechanic, thermal, atmospheric pressure, actinic

40
Q

What are the 3 types of extrinsic determinant factors of disease

A

biologic, chemical, physical

41
Q

What are the intrinsic determinant factors of disease

A

genetic abnormalities such as autosomal, linked to sex, dominant, recessive

Dealing with Threats (27 decks)

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