Path 1: Introduction to Animal Pathology Flashcards
What is pathology?
science analyzing molecular, functional, and structural response of cell and tissues to an aggression aiming to understand the process of disease and to reach a diagnosis (I .E. THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES DISEASE)
What is the connection between pathology and clinical medicine
disease diagnosis, drug discovery and development, and research
When is pathology most useful?
When it is used as a diagnostic tool
What are some tools of a veterinary pathologist?
postmortem examination
histopath
electron microscopy
molecular techniques
immunohistochemistry
Define anatomy
shape and structure of organisms
Define anatomic relationship
morphologic alterations
Define pathogenesis
mechanism of disease
Define diagnosis
medical ability to recognize lesions in live or dead animal, understanding etiology and pathogenesis, and establishing recs for treatment and prevention of disease
Define necropsy/autopsy
postmortem exam
Define lesion
abnormal tissue change
Define etiology
cause of disease
What are the 2 main disease etiological factors?
determinant factors
predisposing
Define determinant factors of disease and what are the 2 main types?
Factor making something happen or leads directly to disease
Intrinsic and extrinsic
What are the 3 main extrinsic determinant factors?
Biologic
physical
chemical
What etiologic factor are the following:
prions
virus
bacteria
fungi
parasites
humans
Determinant
Extrinsic
Biologic
What are the determinant extrinsic biologic factors of disease
prions
virus
bacteria
fungi
parasites
humans
What are the determinant extrinsic physical mechanical factors of disease?
Abrasion
Laceration
Puncture
Incision
Perforations
Rupture
Fracture
Define abrasion
skin damage with loss of epidermis and some dermis
Define laceration
deep cut or tear in skin/flesh
Define puncture
penetrating wounds caused by sharp object
Define incision
wound created by sharp tool
Define perforation
hole that develops through wall of body organ
Define rupture
break/tear in any organ or soft tissue
Define fracture
crack/break of bone or hard material
What are the determinant extrinsic chemical exogenous factors of disease?
Toxins such as mycotoxins, rodenticides, insecticides, and toxic plants
Drugs
Poisons
Meds
What are the determinant extrinsic chemical endogenous factors of disease?
metabolites
free rads
toxicants such as uremia, burns, gangrene
Define predisposing factor of disease and what are the 2 main types
Render an individual vulnerable to disease or disorder
Intrinsic or extrinsic
What are the predisposing intrinsic factors of disease?
species, breed, age, sex, color, idiosyncrasy
What are some examples of predisposed diseases for species?
rabbits prone to myxomastitis/poxvirus
Horses prone to verminous aneurysm
Sheep prone to Osetrus ovis
What are some examples of predisposed diseases for breed?
Boxers prone to tumors
Holstien cows prone to mastitis
What are some examples of predisposed diseases for age?
Young dogs prone to parvo
Old dogs prone to benign prostatic hyperplasia
What are some examples of predisposed diseases for sex?
Females prone to pyometra and mastitis
Males prone to testicular tumors
What are some examples of predisposed diseases for color?
White animals prone to squamous cell carcinoma of depigmented areas
Define idiosyncrasy
structural or behavioral characteristic unique to individual or group
What are the predisposing extrinsic factors of disease?
Temperature
Nutrition
Pertaining to nutrition, there could be ______ or _____ causing disease
Excess or deficiency
In what order does an animal accumulate fat?
bone marrow, pericardial groove, peri renal area, abdomen (mesentery), subcut.
In what order does an animal lose fat?
subcut, abdomen (mesentery), peri renal area, pericardial groove, bone marrow
What are the determinant, extrinsic, physical factors of disease
mechanic, thermal, atmospheric pressure, actinic
What are the 3 types of extrinsic determinant factors of disease
biologic, chemical, physical
What are the intrinsic determinant factors of disease
genetic abnormalities such as autosomal, linked to sex, dominant, recessive
