Clin Path: Lymphocytosis Flashcards
Name the lymphocytosis that supports the following CBC and Chem findings
Neutrophilia
Erythrocytosis
Thrombocytosis
Hyperglycemia
Physiologic/excitement lymphocytosis
What are the 5 main causes of lymphocytosis?
- physiologic (excitement, epinephrine-induced)
- Chronic inflammation
- Young animals
- Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s)
- Lymphoid neoplasia
Name the lymphocytosis consistent with the following CBC and Chem findings
Neutrophilia
Left shift
Toxic change
Monocytosis
Anemia of chronic disease
Hyperglobulinemia
chronic inflammatory lymphocytosis
Name the lymphocytosis consistent with following CBC and Chem findings
Mild non-regenerative anemia
decreased MCV
Increased phosphorus
Increased calcium
increased ALP
Increased GGT
pseudolymphocytosis or young age
Name the lymphocytosis consistent with the following CBC and Chem findings
Normal neutrophil count
eosinophilia
mild, non-regenerative anemia
hyperglycemia
hyperproteinemia
hypoatremia
hypercalcemia
Hypoadrenocorticisim - Addison’s
What are the 3 types of neoplastic lymphocytosis?
lymphoma
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
chronic lymphocytosis leukemia
What is the definition of chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
neoplastic proliferation of a clone of a small lymphocytes arising within the bone marrow
What is the definition of acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
neoplastic proliferation of immature, large lymphoid cells arising within the bone marrow
What is the definition of stage V lymphoma?
neoplastic proliferation of a clone of lymphocytes (usually intermediate to larger) arising outside of the bone marrow (lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, intestine)
What neoplastic lymphocytosis is consistent with
Lymphoadenopathy
+/- lymphopenia
+/- blasts in circulation
Numerous types (heterogenous)
lymphoma
What neoplastic lymphocytosis is consistent with
blasts >20%
+/- pan/bicytopenia
+/- myelopathies
spleen-hepatomegaly
poor prognosis
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
What neoplastic lymphocytosis is consistent with
small lymphocytes
>12k dogs, 20k in cats
tend to live longer
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Compare the length of reactive lymphocytosis vs neoplastic lymphocytosis
reactive is transient
neoplastic is persistent
What are the values of lymphocytes in reactive lymphocytosis vs neoplastic lymphocytosis
reactive = cats<20,000, dogs <12,000
neoplastic = >20,000, dogs >12,000
Compare the populations of lymphoid cells in reactive lymphocytosis vs neoplastic
reactive - heterogenous
neoplastic - small, monomorphic
What additional diagnostics can be used for reactive lymphocytosis? What about neoplastic?
reactive - rickettsial testing, PARR, flow cytometry
neoplastic - bone marrow examination, PARR, flow cytometry
What should the results be of PARR testing in reactive vs neoplastic lymphocytosis?
reactive - negative
neoplastic - positive
What should the results of flow cytometry be in reactive vs neoplastic lymphocytosis?
reactive - mixed cells
neoplastic - loss of normal cell markers, predominance of one phenotype
What are 5 difference causes of lymphopenia?
stress
acute inflammation
depletion
lymphoid hypoplasia
deficiencies in B AND T cells
While lymphopenia alone does NOT result from bone marrow injury, if the cause of bone marrow injury also causes _________ then lymphopenia results
damage to secondary lymphoid tissue with lymphoid depletion
What can cause lymphoid hypoplasia?
immunosuppressive drugs, radiation, viral destruction, congenital
What are 3 causes of acute inflammation?
viral
bacterial
endotoxins
