[Part 2]-B9- Respiration 🫁💪

Question 1

What is metabolism ?

Hint: cell

Answer 1

• metabolism, is the sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell or the body.

Question 2

What is an example of some metabolic reactions ?

Hint: molecule

Answer 2

• a glycerol molecule, and three fatty acids, to form a lipid molecule [which is found in the cell membrane]- lipid synthesis.

Question 3

What are examples of some metabolic reactions ?

Hint: excess proteins

Answer 3

• excess proteins, broken down into the chemical: urea. Urea is then transported from the liver, to the kidneys which is then excreted by the kidneys, in urine.
• urea is a waste product [that is filtered out of the blood as it is poisonous.] and is produced from the breakdown of excess amino acids in the liver.

Question 4

Can you think of another example of a metabolic reaction ?

Hint: converted

Answer 4

• glucose molecules being converted to: starch, glycogen and cellulose by being joined together.

Question 5

What are some other metabolic reactions you can think of ? [2]

Hint: amino acids

Answer 5

• glucose and nitrate ions forming amino acids, which are used to form proteins.
• and the reactions in respiration.

Question 6

Explain the link between protein consumption, and the concentration of urea in the urine.

Hint: diet

Answer 6

• high amounts of protein in diet can lead to a higher protein breakdown and the production of more urea.

Question 7

Is it possible to increase metabolism ?

Hint: favouring, consuming

Answer 7

• a person’s metabolism can be increased by:
• consuming an appropriate number of calories
• favoring protein over carbohydrates and fat
• getting enough sleep
• and some types of exercise, such as resistance training

Question 8

What are some examples, about the role of the liver in metabolism

Hint: break down old

Answer 8

• Detoxifying toxins e.g. ethanol, paracetamol
• Breaking down old and worn out red blood cells, and stores iron to make new RBCs.

Question 9

How could the response to exercise, be measured ?

Hint: resting

Answer 9

• In groups of 3
  One guinea pig and two scientists
  1. Measure resting heart rate (sitting down) 3 times and calculate an average (scientist 1)

2. Count resting breathing rate 3 times and get an average. (scientist 2)
3. Jog on spot for 2 mins (guinea pig)
4. Measure heart rate and breathing rate (sitting down) every half minute for 2 mins.

• then create a clear results table to represent information.

Question 10

What is the definition of amino acids?

Answer 10

• amino acids, are the building block of cells.