Animal organisation (paper 1) 🦍

Question 1

Where are the enzymes that break down lipids found?

Answer 1

The small intestine

Question 2

Where are the enzymes that break down carbohydrates found?

Hint: _____ intestine.

Answer 2

The mouth + small intestine

Question 3

Where are the enzymes that break down proteins found?

Answer 3

In the stomach + small intestine

Question 4

This is a question about digestive enzymes. What does bile do + where is it stored and made? [3]

Answer 4

• Bile emulsifies lipids; which increases the surface area for lipase enzymes to break them down
• Bile is stored in the gall bladder, though it is made in the liver.

Question 5

Which organs produces amylase?

Answer 5

Salivary glands, pancreas + small intestine

Question 6

Which organs produces protease?

Answer 6

Stomach, small intestine + pancreas.

Question 7

Which organs produces lipase?

Answer 7

The small intestine + pancreas

Question 8

This is a question about digestive enzymes. What is pepsin?

Answer 8

Pepsin- a protease enzyme that breaks down protein.

Question 9

What is the function of the stomach? [3]

Hint: pepsin

Answer 9

• contract muscular walls
• produce pepsin
• produces hydrochloric acid, which kills bacteria (and creates the right pH for pepsin).

Question 10

Quick question. What does the bile do again?

Answer 10

• Bile emulsifies lipids; which increases the surface area for lipase enzymes to break them down.

Question 11

Can you tell me a bit about the gall bladder?

Hint: alkaline bile neutralises ____ acid

Answer 11

• stores + releases alkaline bile (which is made in the liver) that neutralises stomach acid.

Question 12

What are the adaptations of the small intestine? [3]

Hint: villi- surface area, mantain concentration gradient +single layer of surface cells.

Answer 12

• have villi which increase the surface area. This means digestive food can be absorbed into the bloodstream, much more quickly.
• has a very good blood supply, which maintains the concentration gradient.
• single layer of surface cells, means that nutrients only have to diffuse a short distance.

Question 13

What is digestion?

Answer 13

Digestion- the process of breaking down large food molecules into smaller molecules.

Question 14

What does absorption mean?

Hint: absorbing molecules

Answer 14

Absorption- the process of absorbing small food molecules [broken down by digestion] into the body.

Question 15

What is the main role of the large intestine

Hint: ‘water’

Answer 15

To absorb water.

Question 16

What is the main role of the large intestine

Hint: ‘water’

Answer 16

To absorb water.

Question 17

When doing a food test, what are the four things we test for?

Answer 17

1) proteins
2) starch
3) sugars [reducing]
4) lipids.