Pancreas

Question 1

Radiology signs of cystic fibrosis in pancreas

Answer 1

Fatty replacement, dystrophic calcification and pancreatic cysts.

Question 2

Name causes of acute pancreatitis.

Answer 2

Alcohol, cholelithiasis, trauma, abdo/cardiac surgery, hyperlipidemia, hypercalcaemia, mumps, cmv, hiv, steroids, thiazides

Question 3

What are the US and CT features of acute pancreatitis.

Answer 3

Us - general enlargement, with reduced reflectivity, peripancreatic fluid may be visualised

cT - oedema of gland and surrounding fat (patchy high attenuation in peri fat)

Question 4

What is the scoring system for severity of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 4

CT grade - normal 0, enlargement 1, peri inflammatory changes 2, single fluid collection 3, two or more fluid collections/abscess 4

Necrosis - none 0, less than 30 percent 2, 30 to 50 4, more than 50 6

0 - 3 - morbidity and mortality, 8 and 3
4 - 6 - 35 and 6
7 - 10 - 92 and 17

Question 5

What are the ultrasound findings of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 5

Atrophy or enlargement
Inhomo
Duct dilatation of more than 3mm
May have cysts and vascular changes

Question 6

What factors affect pancreas CA staging?

Answer 6

Distant mets - adjacent to pancreas, coeliac/common hepatic/mesenteric/para aortic

Perivascular invasion - SMV and splenic vein

Vascular encasement