Large Airway Disease And Chronic Airway Obstruction

Question 1

What are the diagnostic measurements for tracheomegaly?

Answer 1

Diameter more than 3 cm (measured 2cm above aortic arch), 2.4 and 2.3 cm for right and left bronchi

Question 2

What are the mechanisms and causes of bronchiectasis?

Answer 2

Bronchial obstruction - carcinoma, fibrous strictures, bronchiolitis, l.n, neoplasm

Fibrosis - tb, sarcoidosis, IPF

Bronchial Injury - CF, childhood infection, immunodeficiency, ABA, lung/marrow transplant, Systemic (RA, IBS), alpha 1 deficiency, congenital

Question 3

What are the radiology findings of bronchiectasis?

Answer 3

Thickene bronchial walls (tramlines), overinflation

Question 4

What are the features of x-ray bronchiolithias?

Answer 4

Disappearance of previous identified ln

Change in position of calcified ln

Evidence of airway obstruction

Question 5

Differentiate the types of emphysema with the CT findings

Answer 5

Centrilobular - multiple small areas of emphysema scattered throughout the lung, upper lobe dominant

Paraseptal

Panlobular

Irregular