Pance Pediatric round 2 8/16 Flashcards
when does the anterior fontanelle close
24 months
when does the posterior fontanelle close
3 months
what pathology has a third fontanelle
down syndrome
what pathology is delayed stool > 48 hours after birth may indicate
Hirschsprungs
dorsal displacement or urethera called
epispadia
ventral displacement or urethera
hypospadia
when is the babinski reflex integrated
2 years
what test by the provider is designed to dislocate the kids hip
Barlow
what test by the provider is designed to relocate the kids hip
ortolani
what medication closes the PDA
indomethacin
what murmur has a musical quality
stills
what pediatric murmur is best heard in the second intercostal space
pulmonary ejection murmur
for 200 please describe truncus arteriousis
1 vessel instead of 2 (aorta and pulmonary)
what is transposition of great arteries
2 vessels switched (aorta and pulmonary artery)
what is tricuspid atrisa
no tricuspid valve
what are the 4 conditions associated with tetralagy of fallot
- overriding arorta
- Right ventricle outflow obstruction
- RVH
- ventricular septal defect
what is the most common congenital heart disease
VSD
how do you dx VSD
echo
do VSD close on their own
yes most within 10 years.
what pediatric cardiac pathology is “egg on a string or egg on it’s side for CXR”
Transposition of great arteries
what pediatric cardiac pathology “wide fixed S2”
ASD
what pediatric cardiac pathology right to left shunt
tetralogy of follot
What pathology
“rib notching:
“3 sign”
- coarctation of the aorta
coarctation of the aorta tx
surgical correction
Infant respiratory distress is due to what
insufficiency of surfactant
insufficiency of surfactant what would you see on X ray
ground glass
when do you give steroids to the mother
when she is going to deliver between 24-36 weeks
what is assocciated with post mature delivery
meconium aspirations
when does sids happen age
between 1 month and one year
what sleeping postion increases SIDS
prone sleeping
what reduces the risk of SIDS (4)
supine position
firm mattress
room sharing
pacifier use
what is kernicterus
cerebral dysfunction and encephalopathy
when are infants at risk for kernicterus
when bilirubin is above 20
what are the two treatments in jaundice of the newborn
- phototherapy
2. exchange transfusion
what is a function outlet obstruction in a child < 12 weeks GI
- pyloric stenosis
olive shaped mass on abdominal X ray
pyloric stenosis
what type of vomiting for pyloric stenosis
non billious projectile
what pathology is associated with a string sign on GI series
pyloric stenosis
what adult abdominal pathology string sign on abdominal X ray
crohns
how do you tx pyloric stenosis 2
- fluids
- surgery
intestinal segment invaginates telescopes into intestinal lumen
Intusseception
what pediatic pathology
- vomiting
- abdominal pain
- passage of blood per rectum
Intusseception
“sausage shaped abdominal mass”
Intusseception
Intusseception tx
barrium air insufflation
_ absense of enterig ganlion cells
- bilious vommiting
hirschsprungs
hirschsprungs dx 2
anorectal manometry
rectal biopsy: definitive dx
hirschsprungs tx
surgical resection of bowel
Presents immediately after birth with excessive oral secretions
esophageal atresia
esophageal atresia tx
surgical ligation
“double bubble sign on abdominal X ray”
- duodenal atresia
duodenal atresia vomiting
bilious vommiting
complete absence or closure of duodenum
duodenal atrisa
how do you tx duodenal atrisa
- decompression of the GI tract
- surgery
what is the other name for roseola
sixths disease
what is the only rash that starts in the trunk
roseola
high fever followed by a rash
roseola
what is the tx for roseola
supportive
what causes hand foot mouth disease
coxsackie
describe hand foot mouth disease
vesicular lesions on an errthemaouts base
what is the MC cause of pericarditis and myocarditis
coxackie
what are the 3 C’s associated with rubeola (measles)
cough
conjunctivitis
coryza
rubeola (measles) tx
none, supportive
“koplick spots”
measles
where is the lympadeonpathy for rubella
- posterior cervical
- posterior auricular
What are the TORCH disease
- toxoplasmosis
- syphilis
- Rubella
- CMV
- Herpes
what disease is slapped cheeks
fifth disease
erythema infectiosium
fifth disease AKA erythema infectiosium is causes by?
parvo B-19
what virus can cause aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell
Parvo B-19
blockage of sweat glands in neonates
Miliara
1-2 mm perly white and yellow papules especially seen on the cheeks forehead, chin and nose
Milia
cafe au lait spots are associated with what NF
one
what pathology
- circumoral pallor
- strawberry red tongue
scarlet fever
what is the tx for scarlet fever
Pen G
Females with absent genitalia
what condition
Turners
- 45 XO
short staute
web neck
wide nipples
low hairline
turners syndrome
- 45XO
males with an extra X chromosome
Kleinfelters XXY
males with absent genitalia
Kleinfelters XXY
when would you want to maintain a PDA
pulmonary atresia
this is when there is a complete obstruction to the pulmonary artery
what is the name for
- failure of the mitral and aortic valve and aortic arch
hypoplastic left heart syndrome
