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PANCE PREP > PANCE Nephro 8/17/20 > Flashcards

PANCE Nephro 8/17/20 Flashcards

1
Q

how much protein is normal for urine

A

none

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2
Q

when glucose is in the urine, what must the glucose level be at a min

A

180

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3
Q

what two duuretics work on the proximal tubule

A
  • acetazolamide

- mannitiol

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4
Q

what are the 5 elements that are not absorbed with a loop diuretic

A

(Na, Cl, K, mg, Ca)

think about is so a loop duiretic will cause these to be low or hypo

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5
Q

what two classes of diuretics cause hyperglycemia and hyperurecemia 2

A

Loops

Thiazide

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6
Q

what diuretic caused hyperkalemia 1

A

spironilactone

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7
Q

what diuretic class causes hyperCALcemia 1

A

thiazide

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8
Q

what are the 3 hallmarks of nephrotic syndrome

A
  • proteinuria
  • HLD
  • hypoalbuminuria
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9
Q

what are the 4 hallmarks of nephritic syndrome

A
  • hematuria
  • HTN
  • dependent edema
  • azotemia
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10
Q

HTN, RBC casts
Kidney failure
hempoptosis

A

goodpastures

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11
Q

what is Ig- A nephropathy called

A

Bergers disease

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12
Q

anti GBM antibodies think what

A

Goodpastures

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13
Q

wangners disease what marker

A

C anca

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14
Q

2 tx for goodpastures

A
  • corticosteroids

- cyclophosphemide

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15
Q

how to you tx post infections acute glomerulonephritis

A

supportive

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16
Q

2 tx for bergers

A
  • ace

- steroids

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17
Q

how do you tx minimal change disease

A
  • steroid
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18
Q

what is the main cause of prerenal AKI

A

hypovolemia

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19
Q

what are the three medications that cause prerenal AKI

A

NSAID
contrast dye
ACE

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20
Q

epithelial casts think what pathology

A

ATN

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21
Q

perrenal ATN what is the BUN

A

> 20:1

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22
Q

what happens to the creatineal with kidney damage

A
  • increases
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23
Q

how do you dx polycystic kidney disease

A

ultrasound

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24
Q

what is the best marker for CKD

A

protein

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25
Q

what type of casts is CKD

A

waxy

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26
Q

what does the cockcoft equation have to do with

A

kidney function

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27
Q

main cause of SAIDH

A

stoke

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28
Q

pulmonary cause of SIADH

A

small cell lung cancer

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29
Q

how do you tx SIADH 3

A
  • H2O restriction
  • desmocycline
  • hypertonic solution with fursimide
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30
Q

what causes central DI 2

A

autoimmune

head trauma

31
Q

what medication neohrogenic DI

A

lithium

32
Q

how do you tx central DI

A

ADH

33
Q

how do you tx nephrogenic DI

A

HCTZ

34
Q

what gets hypomagnezia

A

ETOH

35
Q

how to you tx hypermagnezia

A

calcium gluconate

36
Q

what dysfunction for hypokalemia (matabolic ?)

A

alkalosis

37
Q

how do you tx hyperkalemia 3

A
  • insulin
  • calcium
  • albuterol
38
Q

what is the mian cause of hypokalemia

A

duiretic

-N/V/D

39
Q

what EKG changes with hypokemia

A

flat T waved

40
Q

what EKG chnages with hyperkelemia

A

peaked T waves

41
Q

whta does the ultrasound show with epididymitis

A

increased blood flow

42
Q

what is the cause of epidydmyitis in kids

A

mumps

43
Q

what is the creammaster reflex with torsion

A

absent

44
Q

how long do you wait to see if the testicle will descend on it’s own

A

6 months

45
Q

blue dot and bell clapper deformity what pathology

A

torsion

46
Q

what is an increased risk for testicular cancer

A
  • cryptochidism
47
Q

what side for testicular cancer

A

right

48
Q

what type of tumor is associated with testicular cancer

A

germinal cell tumor

49
Q

what marker can be associated with testicular cancer

A

AFP

50
Q

what side for varicosecele

A

left

51
Q

what increases a hydrocele on PE

A

valsalva

52
Q

WBC casts think what

A

Pylo

53
Q

tx for pylo

A

cipro

54
Q

tx for pregnant pylo

A

amoxicillin

55
Q

tx for uncomplicated cystitis 3

A
  • nitrofurantoin
  • cipro
  • bactrium
56
Q

what is paraphymosis

A

stuck behind glands

57
Q

paraphymosis tx

A

manual reduction w/ dorsal slit

58
Q

phymosis tx

A

circumcision

59
Q

how do you tx e coli

A

cipro

60
Q

alpha blocker medication

A

Tamsulosin, flowmax

61
Q

5 alpha reductase inhibiotr

A

finasteride

62
Q

How to tx nephrotic syndrome 3

A
  • steroids
  • edema
  • Ace

Final

63
Q

how do tx burgers 2

A

ace + steroids

Final

64
Q

how to tx post infectious glomerulonephritis

A
  • supportive

Final

65
Q

how to tx goodpastures 2

A
  • steroids
  • cyclophosphemide

Final

66
Q

2 the two glomerulonephritis vasculitis

A
  • microscopic polyangitis P ANCA
  • granulomatis polyangitis (wagners) C- ANCA

Final

67
Q

how do you dx AKI 2

A

Inc serum creatinean

inc BUN

68
Q

muddy brown casts

A
  • ATN
69
Q

what is the Ca and phosepate level with CKD

A
  • Inc phosphate

- dec Calcium

70
Q

what are the two lab indications for dialysis

A
  • GFR< 10

- serum Cr: > 8

71
Q

what medications can cause SIADH

A
  • carbamazapine
72
Q

2 main TX for SIADH

A
  • H20 respirction

- demeclocycline

73
Q

what medication kills the adrenals

A
  • lithium

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