PANCE Nephro 8/17/20 Flashcards
how much protein is normal for urine
none
when glucose is in the urine, what must the glucose level be at a min
180
what two duuretics work on the proximal tubule
- acetazolamide
- mannitiol
what are the 5 elements that are not absorbed with a loop diuretic
(Na, Cl, K, mg, Ca)
think about is so a loop duiretic will cause these to be low or hypo
what two classes of diuretics cause hyperglycemia and hyperurecemia 2
Loops
Thiazide
what diuretic caused hyperkalemia 1
spironilactone
what diuretic class causes hyperCALcemia 1
thiazide
what are the 3 hallmarks of nephrotic syndrome
- proteinuria
- HLD
- hypoalbuminuria
what are the 4 hallmarks of nephritic syndrome
- hematuria
- HTN
- dependent edema
- azotemia
HTN, RBC casts
Kidney failure
hempoptosis
goodpastures
what is Ig- A nephropathy called
Bergers disease
anti GBM antibodies think what
Goodpastures
wangners disease what marker
C anca
2 tx for goodpastures
- corticosteroids
- cyclophosphemide
how to you tx post infections acute glomerulonephritis
supportive
2 tx for bergers
- ace
- steroids
how do you tx minimal change disease
- steroid
what is the main cause of prerenal AKI
hypovolemia
what are the three medications that cause prerenal AKI
NSAID
contrast dye
ACE
epithelial casts think what pathology
ATN
perrenal ATN what is the BUN
> 20:1
what happens to the creatineal with kidney damage
- increases
how do you dx polycystic kidney disease
ultrasound
what is the best marker for CKD
protein
what type of casts is CKD
waxy
what does the cockcoft equation have to do with
kidney function
main cause of SAIDH
stoke
pulmonary cause of SIADH
small cell lung cancer
how do you tx SIADH 3
- H2O restriction
- desmocycline
- hypertonic solution with fursimide
what causes central DI 2
autoimmune
head trauma
what medication neohrogenic DI
lithium
how do you tx central DI
ADH
how do you tx nephrogenic DI
HCTZ
what gets hypomagnezia
ETOH
how to you tx hypermagnezia
calcium gluconate
what dysfunction for hypokalemia (matabolic ?)
alkalosis
how do you tx hyperkalemia 3
- insulin
- calcium
- albuterol
what is the mian cause of hypokalemia
duiretic
-N/V/D
what EKG changes with hypokemia
flat T waved
what EKG chnages with hyperkelemia
peaked T waves
whta does the ultrasound show with epididymitis
increased blood flow
what is the cause of epidydmyitis in kids
mumps
what is the creammaster reflex with torsion
absent
how long do you wait to see if the testicle will descend on it’s own
6 months
blue dot and bell clapper deformity what pathology
torsion
what is an increased risk for testicular cancer
- cryptochidism
what side for testicular cancer
right
what type of tumor is associated with testicular cancer
germinal cell tumor
what marker can be associated with testicular cancer
AFP
what side for varicosecele
left
what increases a hydrocele on PE
valsalva
WBC casts think what
Pylo
tx for pylo
cipro
tx for pregnant pylo
amoxicillin
tx for uncomplicated cystitis 3
- nitrofurantoin
- cipro
- bactrium
what is paraphymosis
stuck behind glands
paraphymosis tx
manual reduction w/ dorsal slit
phymosis tx
circumcision
how do you tx e coli
cipro
alpha blocker medication
Tamsulosin, flowmax
5 alpha reductase inhibiotr
finasteride
How to tx nephrotic syndrome 3
- steroids
- edema
- Ace
Final
how do tx burgers 2
ace + steroids
Final
how to tx post infectious glomerulonephritis
- supportive
Final
how to tx goodpastures 2
- steroids
- cyclophosphemide
Final
2 the two glomerulonephritis vasculitis
- microscopic polyangitis P ANCA
- granulomatis polyangitis (wagners) C- ANCA
Final
how do you dx AKI 2
Inc serum creatinean
inc BUN
muddy brown casts
- ATN
what is the Ca and phosepate level with CKD
- Inc phosphate
- dec Calcium
what are the two lab indications for dialysis
- GFR< 10
- serum Cr: > 8
what medications can cause SIADH
- carbamazapine
2 main TX for SIADH
- H20 respirction
- demeclocycline
what medication kills the adrenals
- lithium
