PANCE Hematology 8/10/20 Flashcards
what are the 2 components of RBC
heme (fe)
globin
how is iron stored
ferritin
what is the feritin level with Fe deficiency anemia
decreased
what is the feritin level with anemia of chronic disease
increased
what are the two types of anemia
intrinsic (inherited)
extrinsic ( acquired)
what anemia: HgbS
- sickle cell
what anemia: episidic anemia associated with sulfa drugs fava beans and infections
G6PD deficiency
what is coobs +
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
what is the pentad with TTP
hemolytic anemia thrombocytopenia kidney damage neurologic fever
HUS triad
- thrombocytopenia
- hemolytic anemia
- kidney damage
popcorn: rouleaux formation
multiple myeoloma
Popcorn: Howell Jolly bodies
sickle cell
popcorn anemia:
- target cells 2
sickle cell
thalassemia
popcorn anemia:
- spherocytes
heriditary spherocytosis
popcorn anemia
- hypersegmented neutrophils 2
B12
folate
popcorn Blood:
auer rods
AML
popcorn Blood:
reed sternberg
hodgkins lymphoma
what three things can cause anemia
- RBC loss
- RBC destruction
- Dec RBC production
what if there is anemia with decreased reticulocyte counts
that means the Bone marrow is not working well
what are the three microcytic anemia
- Fe deficincy
- lead
- thalassemia
what is the primary cause of normocytic anemia
anemia of chronic disease
what are the two macrocytic anemia
B12
Folate
what has neuro factors B 12 or folate
B 12
what do you have to look for when giving B12
hypokalemia
what is the + shillings test dx
- pernicious anemia
ETOH causes what type of anemia
macrocytic
ringed sideroblast and basophilic stippling what anemia
Lead poisoning
what type of hemoblibin in a baby
F
Popcorn anemia: hair on end appearance X ray
Beta thalasemia
what is the mC cause of G6pD crisis
infections
what are the 2 tx for sickle cell crisis
- fluids
2. hydroxyuria
how do you tx autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- steroids
what is the MCC of autoimmune hemolytic anemia
SLE
adsams 13 is associated with what pathology
TTP
HUS is assocated with what infection
- e coli
- or another gastritis such as shigella
how do you treat TTP 2
plasmapharesis
steroids
do you give HUS abx
no it will make them worse
what type of condition is TTP
autoimmune
How do you treat TTP and HUS
plasma phoresis
what causes DIC 3
- gram - infections
- malignancies
- obstetric
how do you treat DIC
FFP
what causes the increased bleeding with ITP
idiopathic
isolated thrombocytopenia w/o splenomegaly
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia
what do kids have prior to ITP
viral infection
How is hemopehila A and B transfered
X linked recessive
what bleeding pathology can be treated with desmopressin (2)
hemophilla 8
WVD
what is the gold standard test for VWD
ristocetin
what virus infection is associated with hogkins lymphma
- EBV
what is the clinical presentation for hogkins lymphoma
painless lympadenopathy
turns painful with ETOH
“owl eye”
hogkins lymphoma
what lymph nodes for hogkins lymphoma
cervical and supraclavicular
what may you see on a chest CT with hogkins lymphoma
mediastinal lymphadenopathy
what lymph nodes for non hodgkins lymphoma
peripherial
Birket lymphoma is associated with what type of lymphoma
non hodgkins
“stary night on blood smere”
Birket lymphoma
How do you tx multiple myoloma
stem cell transplant
“M spike”
“bence jones protein”
multiple myoloma
what is the most common leukemia in adults
CLL
what are the three myeloid cells
- RBC
- WBC
- platelets
what condition is an increase in all three myeloid cells
polycythemia vera
puritis after a hot bath
PV
how do you tx PV
- phlebotomy
- hydroxyurea
increased hematocrit as a response to another process (COPD)
secondary erythrocytosis
what are the three conditions that may cause you to clot more
- factor V leiden mutation
- protein C deficiency
- antithrombin III dificiency
- blueberry muffin rash
- hepato spleno megaly
- hearing loss
- mental retardation
toxoplasmosis
what CD4 count for toxoplasmosis
100
what is the tx for toxoplasmosis
sulfadiazadine + pyrimetherine
MRI: ring enchnacing lesions
toxoplasmosis
how do you tx enterobiasis (pin worm)
- albendazole
bite cells 2
- thalasemia
- g6PD
autoimmune distruction of the pariietal cells
PA
Inc Homocystine
AND
Inc methocyctine
what anemia
B 12
B9 what Vit
folate
what thyroid disorder causes macrocytic anemia
hypothyroid
pagopahgia is what
ice craving
pagopahgia is what pathology
iron deficiency anemia
what Vit Increases iron absorption
vit C
anemia ?
abdominal pain
constipation
neurological symptoms
lead poisoning
tx for thalasemia
blood transfusions
what group is belta thal more common in 2
- mediterranian
- Africans
HEINZE BODIES 2
beta thalasmemia
G6PD
what is the feritin with anemia of chronic disease
increased
what type of disease is sickle cell
autosomal dominate
autosomal recessive
autosomal recessive
aplastic crisis with sickle cell what virus
parvo B 19
what population gets priapism
sickle cell
coombs test differentiates how
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
hereditary spheroscytosis
deep tissue bleeding
hemophilia B
hemophilia B tx
factor 9 infusion
“hemearthrosis”
hemophilia A
bleeding after minor lacerations
von willebrabnd
proonged PTT that corrects with mixing study
hemophilia B
what medication do you wnat to avoid with VWB
aspirin
what group gets alpha thal
asian
how do you tx hereditary spherocytosis
splenectomy
osmostic fraginity test
hereditary spherocytosis
dark urine at night of first thing in the AM
nocturnal hemoglobinuria
nocturnal hemoglobinuria test
flow cytometry
what are the coas with TTP
normal
what is increased with HUS
BUN/ CR
how do you tx ITP in adults
steroids
does ITP have splenomegaly
no
what pathyway for hemopheilla 8
intrinsic
what is prolonged with hemopheilla 8
PTT
what pathology is PT and PTT prolonged
DIC
how to tx waldenstrom macroglobulinemia 2
- chemo
- plasmapheresis
what pathology is a risk for ALL
downs
what is the mC symptom of ALL
FEVER
ALL TX
chemo
smudge cells
CLL
MC symptom of CLL
fatigue
what is associated with teh jack 2
PV
Bronze skin
hereditary hemachromatosis
hereditary hemachromatosis dx
liver biopsy (hemosiderin)
hereditary hemachromatosis tx
phelobotomy
recurrent DVT and PE think what
hypercoag disorder
