Pance endocrine 8/15 Flashcards by sean husted

where is TRH produced

hypothalamus

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where is TSH produced

pituitary

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where is CRH produced and what effect does it have

hypothalamus

- produce more ACTH

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where is GNRH produced

hypothalamus

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what is the location of a primary disorder

at the gland level

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what effect does an adrenal adeonoma have on cortisol

increase

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what is the best thyroid function screening test

TSH

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anti thyrogloblin antobody what pathology

hashimotos

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thyroid stimulating antibodies what pathology

graves

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is hashimotos hyper or hypo thyroid

hypo

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is graves hyper or hypo thyroid

hyper

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congenital hypothyroisism (pathology)

cretinism

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is levo synthetic T4 or TSH

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what are the three meds you give for a thyroid storm

PTU
Beta blocker
Glucocorticoids

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what is myxedmia crisis

extream hypo thyrosirms

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thyroid brui think what

graves

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what two medications kill the thyroid

amiodrone

- lithium

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what is a risk factor for thyroid nodules

radiation

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are malignant thyroid nodules fixed or moveable

fixed

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what is the best way to evaluate the thyroid nodule

FNA

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what is the MC type of thyroid nodules

follicular adenoma

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how often do you monitor a thyroid nodule with US

every 6- 12 months

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what is the thyroid function of the thyroid with thyroid cancer

euthyroid

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what is the MC type of thyroid cancer

papillary

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what vit is required for calcium ingestion

vit D

where is most of the bodies calcium

bones

what is another name for Vit D

Calcitrol

what is the MC cause of hyperparathyroidism

patrathyrois adnenoma

what are the DTR with hypercalcemia

decreased

what are the DTR with hypothroid

decreased

what are the 2 MCC of hypoparathyroidism

- surgery | - autoimmune

what are the 3 big physical exam signs of hyperparathyrod hormone

- trousseau's - chvosteks - Increased DTR

what is the general relationship between phosphate and calcium

inverse

how do you tx hypoparathyroidism

- Ca gluconate | - Vit D

what part of the EKG is effected by calcium

QT interval

hypocalcemia what effect of QT

long

3 tx for hypercalcemia

- saline - fursemide - bisphosphenates

what is sore do you evaluate for osteoporosis

- T score < - 2.5

inc PTH and hypocalcemia what pathology

renal osteodystrophy

- brown tumors | - salt pepper on X ray skull

renal osteodystrophy

how do you tx riskets

- vit D (ergocalciferol)

what kidney disease has too much phosphate

- renal osteodystrophy

how do you tx renal osteodystrophy 2

- phosephate binders | - sevelamer

what gland produces ACTH

pituitary

what is the main cause of chronic adrenocortico insufficiency (primary: addisons, Secondary: pituitary)

Secondary: pituitary

what is the 2 main primary adrenocortico insufficiency (addiosns caused)

- autoimune | - infection

what is the main secondary adrenocortico insufficiency

- exogenous steroid use

what are the 4 metabolic disorders associated with addidosns

hyponatremia hypoglycemia hyperkalemia metabolic acidosis

how do you tx primary adrenocortico insufficiency

hydrocortisone + fludrocortisone

how do you tx secondary adrenocortico insufficiency

hydrocotisone

what is the cause of addisons criss

abrupt withdrawl of glucocorticoids

how do you tx adisosn crisis

- IV fluids | - hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone

what is the metabolic cause of cushings disease

- Increased ACTH

what is the potassium change with cushings

- hypokalemia

what is the cause of cushings disease

- pituitary ademonia (secretes ACTH)

what are the two main tests for cushings

- 24 hr free cortisol in urine | - dexamethasone supression

how do you tx a cortisol secereting ACTH tumor

ketoconazole

how do you tx cushings diease

- transphenodial surgery

what are the two causes of hyperaldosteroneism

- Conn syndrome | - renal artery stenosis

catacholaime secreting tumor

- Pheo

what are the symptoms of pheo

- palpitations - headache - excessive sweating

how do you dx a pheo

- 24 hr catacholamine collection

how do you tx pheo

- complete adrenalactomy

what medication do not not start with when tx a pheo

- beta blocker

what hormones are secreted by the posterior puitary

- ADH | - Oxytocin

what hormone is a prolactin agonist

- dopamine

what two medications are dopamine agomist

- cabergoline | - bromocriptine

how do you tx acromegaly

octreotide

what hormone is produced with somatotropinoma

growth hormone

what are the two presentations of hyperprolactinemia

- ammenorrhea | - galactorrhea

what are the four medications that cause gyncomyastia

Spironalactone cematadine ketoconazole finesteride

what is the fasting glucose level for DM

126

what are the two causes of DKA

infection | non compliance with insulin

what element do you always give with DKA

postassium