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PANCE PREP > Pance endocrine 8/15 > Flashcards

Pance endocrine 8/15 Flashcards

1
Q

where is TRH produced

A

hypothalamus

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2
Q

where is TSH produced

A

pituitary

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3
Q

where is CRH produced and what effect does it have

A
  • hypothalamus

- produce more ACTH

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4
Q

where is GNRH produced

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

what is the location of a primary disorder

A

at the gland level

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6
Q

what effect does an adrenal adeonoma have on cortisol

A

increase

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7
Q

what is the best thyroid function screening test

A

TSH

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8
Q

anti thyrogloblin antobody what pathology

A

hashimotos

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9
Q

thyroid stimulating antibodies what pathology

A

graves

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10
Q

is hashimotos hyper or hypo thyroid

A

hypo

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11
Q

is graves hyper or hypo thyroid

A

hyper

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12
Q

congenital hypothyroisism (pathology)

A

cretinism

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13
Q

is levo synthetic T4 or TSH

A

T4

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14
Q

what are the three meds you give for a thyroid storm

A
  • PTU
  • Beta blocker
  • Glucocorticoids
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15
Q

what is myxedmia crisis

A

extream hypo thyrosirms

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16
Q

thyroid brui think what

A

graves

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17
Q

what two medications kill the thyroid

A
  • amiodrone

- lithium

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18
Q

what is a risk factor for thyroid nodules

A
  • radiation
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19
Q

are malignant thyroid nodules fixed or moveable

A

fixed

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20
Q

what is the best way to evaluate the thyroid nodule

A

FNA

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21
Q

what is the MC type of thyroid nodules

A

follicular adenoma

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22
Q

how often do you monitor a thyroid nodule with US

A

every 6- 12 months

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23
Q

what is the thyroid function of the thyroid with thyroid cancer

A

euthyroid

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24
Q

what is the MC type of thyroid cancer

A

papillary

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25
Q

what vit is required for calcium ingestion

A

vit D

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26
Q

where is most of the bodies calcium

A

bones

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27
Q

what is another name for Vit D

A

Calcitrol

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28
Q

what is the MC cause of hyperparathyroidism

A

patrathyrois adnenoma

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29
Q

what are the DTR with hypercalcemia

A

decreased

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30
Q

what are the DTR with hypothroid

A

decreased

31
Q

what are the 2 MCC of hypoparathyroidism

A
  • surgery

- autoimmune

32
Q

what are the 3 big physical exam signs of hyperparathyrod hormone

A
  • trousseau’s
  • chvosteks
  • Increased DTR
33
Q

what is the general relationship between phosphate and calcium

A

inverse

34
Q

how do you tx hypoparathyroidism

A
  • Ca gluconate

- Vit D

35
Q

what part of the EKG is effected by calcium

A

QT interval

36
Q

hypocalcemia what effect of QT

A

long

37
Q

3 tx for hypercalcemia

A
  • saline
  • fursemide
  • bisphosphenates
38
Q

what is sore do you evaluate for osteoporosis

A
  • T score < - 2.5
39
Q

inc PTH and hypocalcemia what pathology

A

renal osteodystrophy

40
Q
  • brown tumors

- salt pepper on X ray skull

A

renal osteodystrophy

41
Q

how do you tx riskets

A
  • vit D (ergocalciferol)
42
Q

what kidney disease has too much phosphate

A
  • renal osteodystrophy
43
Q

how do you tx renal osteodystrophy 2

A
  • phosephate binders

- sevelamer

44
Q

what gland produces ACTH

A

pituitary

45
Q

what is the main cause of chronic adrenocortico insufficiency (primary: addisons, Secondary: pituitary)

A

Secondary: pituitary

46
Q

what is the 2 main primary adrenocortico insufficiency (addiosns caused)

A
  • autoimune

- infection

47
Q

what is the main secondary adrenocortico insufficiency

A
  • exogenous steroid use
48
Q

what are the 4 metabolic disorders associated with addidosns

A

hyponatremia
hypoglycemia
hyperkalemia
metabolic acidosis

49
Q

how do you tx primary adrenocortico insufficiency

A

hydrocortisone + fludrocortisone

50
Q

how do you tx secondary adrenocortico insufficiency

A

hydrocotisone

51
Q

what is the cause of addisons criss

A

abrupt withdrawl of glucocorticoids

52
Q

how do you tx adisosn crisis

A
  • IV fluids

- hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone

53
Q

what is the metabolic cause of cushings disease

A
  • Increased ACTH
54
Q

what is the potassium change with cushings

A
  • hypokalemia
55
Q

what is the cause of cushings disease

A
  • pituitary ademonia (secretes ACTH)
56
Q

what are the two main tests for cushings

A
  • 24 hr free cortisol in urine

- dexamethasone supression

57
Q

how do you tx a cortisol secereting ACTH tumor

A

ketoconazole

58
Q

how do you tx cushings diease

A
  • transphenodial surgery
59
Q

what are the two causes of hyperaldosteroneism

A
  • Conn syndrome

- renal artery stenosis

60
Q

catacholaime secreting tumor

A
  • Pheo
61
Q

what are the symptoms of pheo

A
  • palpitations
  • headache
  • excessive sweating
62
Q

how do you dx a pheo

A
  • 24 hr catacholamine collection
63
Q

how do you tx pheo

A
  • complete adrenalactomy
64
Q

what medication do not not start with when tx a pheo

A
  • beta blocker
65
Q

what hormones are secreted by the posterior puitary

A
  • ADH

- Oxytocin

66
Q

what hormone is a prolactin agonist

A
  • dopamine
67
Q

what two medications are dopamine agomist

A
  • cabergoline

- bromocriptine

68
Q

how do you tx acromegaly

A

octreotide

69
Q

what hormone is produced with somatotropinoma

A

growth hormone

70
Q

what are the two presentations of hyperprolactinemia

A
  • ammenorrhea

- galactorrhea

71
Q

what are the four medications that cause gyncomyastia

A

Spironalactone
cematadine
ketoconazole
finesteride

72
Q

what is the fasting glucose level for DM

A

126

73
Q

what are the two causes of DKA

A

infection

non compliance with insulin

74
Q

what element do you always give with DKA

A

postassium

PANCE PREP (27 decks)

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