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PANCE PREP > Pance Pediatric 8/11/20 > Flashcards

Pance Pediatric 8/11/20 Flashcards

1
Q

when does the anterior fontanelle close

A

24 months

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2
Q

when does the posterior fontanelle close

A

3 months

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3
Q

what pathology has a third fontanelle

A

down syndrome

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4
Q

what pathology is delayed stool > 48 hours after birth may indicate

A

Hirschsprungs

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5
Q

dorsal displacement or urethera called

A

epispadia

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6
Q

ventral displacement or urethera

A

hypospadia

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7
Q

when is the babinski reflex integrated

A

2 years

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8
Q

what test by the provider is designed to dislocate the kids hip

A

Barlow

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9
Q

what test by the provider is designed to relocate the kids hip

A

ortolani

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10
Q

what medication closes the PDA

A

indomethacin

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11
Q

what murmur has a musical quality

A

stills

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12
Q

what pediatric murmur is best heard in the second intercostal space

A

pulmonary ejection murmur

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13
Q

for 200 please describe truncus arteriousis

A

1 vessel instead of 2 (aorta and pulmonary)

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14
Q

what is transposition of great arteries

A

2 vessels switched (aorta and pulmonary artery)

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15
Q

what is tricuspid atrisa

A

no tricuspid valve

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16
Q

what are the 4 conditions associated with tetralagy of fallot

A
  • overriding arorta
  • Right ventricle outflow obstruction
  • RVH
  • ventricular septal defect
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17
Q

what is the most common congenital heart disease

A

VSD

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18
Q

how do you dx VSD

A

echo

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19
Q

do VSD close on their own

A

yes most within 10 years.

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20
Q

what pediatric cardiac pathology is “egg on a string or egg on it’s side for CXR”

A

Transposition of great arteries

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21
Q

what pediatric cardiac pathology “wide fixed S2”

A

ASD

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22
Q

what pediatric cardiac pathology right to left shunt

A

tetralogy of follot

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23
Q

What pathology
“rib notching:
“3 sign”

A
  • coarctation of the aorta
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24
Q

coarctation of the aorta tx

A

surgical correction

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25
Q

Infant respiratory distress is due to what

A

insufficiency of surfactant

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26
Q

insufficiency of surfactant what would you see on X ray

A

ground glass

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27
Q

when do you give steroids to the mother

A

when she is going to deliver between 24-36 weeks

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28
Q

what is assocciated with post mature delivery

A

meconium aspirations

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29
Q

when does sids happen age

A

between 1 month and one year

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30
Q

what sleeping postion increases SIDS

A

prone sleeping

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31
Q

what reduces the risk of SIDS (4)

A

supine position
firm mattress
room sharing
pacifier use

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32
Q

what is kernicterus

A

cerebral dysfunction and encephalopathy

33
Q

when are infants at risk for kernicterus

A

when bilirubin is above 20

34
Q

what are the two treatments in jaundice of the newborn

A
  1. phototherapy

2. exchange transfusion

35
Q

what is a function outlet obstruction in a child < 12 weeks GI

A
  • pyloric stenosis
36
Q

olive shaped mass on abdominal X ray

A

pyloric stenosis

37
Q

what type of vomiting for pyloric stenosis

A

non billious projectile

38
Q

what pathology is associated with a string sign on GI series

A

pyloric stenosis

39
Q

what adult abdominal pathology string sign on abdominal X ray

A

crohns

40
Q

how do you tx pyloric stenosis 2

A
  • fluids

- surgery

41
Q

intestinal segment invaginates telescopes into intestinal lumen

A

Intusseception

42
Q

what pediatic pathology

  • vomiting
  • abdominal pain
  • passage of blood per rectum
A

Intusseception

43
Q

“sausage shaped abdominal mass”

A

Intusseception

44
Q

Intusseception tx

A

barrium air insufflation

45
Q

_ absense of enterig ganlion cells

- bilious vommiting

A

hirschsprungs

46
Q

hirschsprungs dx 2

A

anorectal manometry

rectal biopsy: definitive dx

47
Q

hirschsprungs tx

A

surgical resection of bowel

48
Q

Presents immediately after birth with excessive oral secretions

A

esophageal atresia

49
Q

esophageal atresia tx

A

surgical ligation

50
Q

“double bubble sign on abdominal X ray”

A
  • duodenal atresia
51
Q

duodenal atresia vomiting

A

bilious vommiting

52
Q

complete absence or closure of duodenum

A

duodenal atrisa

53
Q

how do you tx duodenal atrisa

A
  • decompression of the GI tract

- surgery

54
Q

what is the other name for roseola

A

sixths disease

55
Q

what is the only rash that starts in the trunk

A

roseola

56
Q

high fever followed by a rash

A

roseola

57
Q

what is the tx for roseola

A

supportive

58
Q

what causes hand foot mouth disease

A

coxsackie

59
Q

describe hand foot mouth disease

A

vesicular lesions on an errthemaouts base

60
Q

what is the MC cause of pericarditis and myocarditis

A

coxackie

61
Q

what are the 3 C’s associated with rubeola (measles)

A

cough
conjunctivitis
coryza

62
Q

rubeola (measles) tx

A

none, supportive

63
Q

“koplick spots”

A

measles

64
Q

where is the lympadeonpathy for rubella

A
  • posterior cervical

- posterior auricular

65
Q

What are the TORCH disease

A
  • toxoplasmosis
  • syphilis
  • Rubella
  • CMV
  • Herpes
66
Q

what disease is slapped cheeks

A

fifth disease

erythema infectiosium

67
Q

fifth disease AKA erythema infectiosium is causes by?

A

parvo B-19

68
Q

what virus can cause aplastic crisis in patients with sickle cell

A

Parvo B-19

69
Q

blockage of sweat glands in neonates

A

Miliara

70
Q

1-2 mm perly white and yellow papules especially seen on the cheeks forehead, chin and nose

A

Milia

71
Q

cafe au lait spots are associated with what NF

A

one

72
Q

what pathology

  • circumoral pallor
  • strawberry red tongue
A

scarlet fever

73
Q

what is the tx for scarlet fever

A

Pen G

74
Q

Females with absent genitalia

what condition

A

Turners

- 45 XO

75
Q

short staute
web neck
wide nipples
low hairline

A

turners syndrome

- 45XO

76
Q

males with an extra X chromosome

A

Kleinfelters XXY

77
Q

males with absent genitalia

A

Kleinfelters XXY

78
Q

when would you want to maintain a PDA

A

pulmonary atresia

this is when there is a complete obstruction to the pulmonary artery

79
Q

what is the name for

- failure of the mitral and aortic valve and aortic arch

A

hypoplastic left heart syndrome

PANCE PREP (27 decks)

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