PANCE Neuro 8/11/20 Flashcards
what is the autodominate neurodegenerative disorder that affects chromosome 4
Huningtons
what are the three areas affected by hubtingtons
- behavorial
- chorea
- dementia
what the the CT show of hungtigtons
cerebral and caudate nucleus atrophy
what age for huntingtons
30-50
what age for essential (benign tremor)
60
what is another name for essential tremor
benign
what is the tx for essential tremor
propanolol
idopathic dopamine depletion
parkinsons
what is the #1 tx for tourette’s
habit therapy
what disease is a necrosis of both upper and lower motor neuron
ALS
what 3 things are spared in ALS
- sensation
- eye movements
- urination
tx for ALS
- riluzole
what are the 2 dopamine agonist used in RLS
- praminpexole
- ropinirole
what supplementation may you use in RLS
iron
what infection increases the chances of someone getting GBS
- campylobactor jajuni
what direction is GBS
ground up (Gbs)
what is the CSF in GBS
high protein
normal WBC
what Tx is contraindicated in GBS
prednisone
what are the two tx for GBS
- plasma pharesis
- IVIG
what condition involved autoimune antiobodies against ACH
myasthenia Gravis
what muscles are most effected with myasthenia Gravis
eyes
myasthenia Gravis eye movement that is most effected
upward gaze
what is the treatment for myasthenia Gravis
“stigmines”
what dx is similar to myasthenia Gravis but improves with movement
lambert eaton syndrome
lambert eaton syndrome is associated with what condition
small cell lung cancer
what autoimmune condition is unilateral eye pain that gets worse with movement
MS
what are the 2 dx of MS
MRI: what matter plques
LP: oligoclonal bands
what is the primary tx for MS flares
corticosteroids
what medication is helpful with fatigue in MS
amantadine
what is a ulilateral facial nerve palsy of CN 7
bells palsy
what condition is bells palsy associated with
- herpes
what are the two treatments for bells palsy
- steroids
- artificial tears
what is a tension HA described as
“tight- Band like”
what is the MC type of HA
tension
what are the 3 1st line tx for tension HA
asprin
acetaminophen
NSAID
what is the suspected cause of migraine HA
dilation of blood vesicles by the trigeninal nerve
what are the 2 primary tx for migranes
- triptans
- ergoatamines
what medicaton class is used as a prophalacitic tx for migranes
antihypertensives
what is the CI to triptans and ergots
CAD, PVD
what medication is the tx for trigenial neralgia
carbamazapine
what is the dx for idiopathic intracranial HTN
LP with elevated pressure
what is the tx for idiopathic intracranial HTN
acetazolamide
what is the triad for NPH
dementia
gait disturbance
urinary incontinence
what is the ventriculoperitonial shunt used for
NPH
what is the best test for brain injury
CT
acute abrupt transient confused state
delirum
what is the best test for alzheimers
CT (Atrophy of cortex)
- donexpzil
- memantine are used to tx what
alzheirmers
what is the most imortant risk factor for vascular dementia
HTN
what is the MC brain cancer in adults
GBM (this is a type of astrocytoma)
what type of brain cancer is associated with NF 1
menigioma
jefferson fx is what level
C1
hangmans fx what level
C 2
clay shovalers fx
C 7
clay shovalers fx
C 7
Brown swquard syndrome
motor ipsilateral
pain and temp contralateral
SCI loss of vibratory sense only
posterior cord syndrome
what symptoms does an occultion if ICA cause
amaurosis fugax
after a CT to confirm it’s a TIA what meds
aspirin
plavix
what medication for ishemic stroke
TPA
what you think it’s a stroke what is the test
non contrast CT
managemnet of hemmoragic stroke
shunt
what is the cause of bacterial meningitis 18- 50
step penumo
bacterial meningitis LP
- Protein:
- Glucose:
- WBC:
- Protein: elevated
- Glucose: decreased
- WBC: elevated
viral meningitis LP
- Protein:
- Glucose:
- WBC:
- Lymphocyte:
- Protein: normal
- Glucose: normal
- WBC: normal
- Lymphocytes: elevated
viral meningitis LP
- Lymphocytes
- gram stain:
- Lymphocytes: +
- gram stain: -
how do you tell the difference between enphalitis and menngitis
enchephalitis associated with abdormal cebral function
lip smaking what type of seizure
complex partial
tx petit mal seizure
ethusuximide
tx of grand mal seizure
valproic acid
how do you treat strep pneumo meningitis 1-18
ceftriaxone + vanco
how do you treat strep pneumo meningitis 18- 50
ceftriaxone + vanco + ampcillin
MCC encehpahlitis (viral)
HSV -1
MCC menengitis (viral)
coxackie
what % of GBS recover after 1 year
60%
MG is associated with a dysfunction in what organ
thyroid
if someone OD on their MG meds “sigmines” what do you do 2
plasmapheresis
IVIG
what is charcots neurologic triad associated with
MS
what medication for relapmsiing remiting MS
glatiramir
honers syndrome is associated with what
cluster HA
how do you tx cluter HA
O2
- sumatriptan
fungal Meningitis CSF
- Glucose:
- WBC:
- Glucose: decreased
- WBC: lymphocytes
LP with xanthocromia what
subarachnoid hemorrhage
what is cushing reflex 3
- irregular respiration
- HTN
- Bradycardia
what is cushing reflex associated with
GBM
CNS lymphoma associated with what
large B cell lymphoma
CNS lymphoma risk factor
EBV
loss of pain and temp + light touch + Lower extremity motor
what area of the cord
anterior
shawl distribution
what area of the cord
central
what area of the brain is affected
- flat affected
- impaired judgement
right
what area of the brain is affected
- poor math skills
left
Brocas and wernicke area affected by what artery
Middle cerebral
MC location of a berry
COW
MOI for epidural hematoma
temporal bone fx
lenticular shaped bleed on CT
epidural hematoma
tering of cortical briding veins due to blunt trauna what type of hematoma
subdural
what shape for subdural hematoma on CT
cresent shape
bacterial meningitis < 1 month cause
Strep agalactate
bacterial meningitis 1 month - 18 years cause
N meningitdis
PEP meningitis
cipro
tx for viral encepalitis
valacyclovior
what type of seizure if conscientious maintained
simple partial
no post ictal phase what seizure
absense
how do you tx status epilepticus
bezos
ramusy hunt what nerve
facial
