PANCE HEENT 8/10/20 Flashcards
pathology when eyelid turns out
ectropion
pathology when eyelid turns in
entropion
how do you tx
- ectropion
lubricating eye drops
how do you tx
- entropion
lubricating eye drops
what is an infection of the dacrocyctitis
infection of the lacramal sac
what is the MC organism for
dacrocyctitis
s aureus
dacrocyctitis PE
swelling and redness on the medial side
dacrocyctitis tx
clindamyacin
what pathology crusting lid swelling bilaterally
blepharitis
blepharitis tx
warm compress
painful bumps on eyelid
hordeolum
hordeolum tx 3
- warm compress
- erythrymyacin 48 hrs
- I and D
hordeolum mc organism
staph aureus
non painful bumps on eyelid
chalazon
elevated nodule on nasal side of sclera
pathology?
pinguecula
elevated nodule on nasal side of eye can grow into sclera
-Pathology?
pterygium
trauma with an irregulary shaped pupil of hyphema
globe rupture
globe rupture tx 2
- emergency consult
- leave bed at 45
pterygium
pinguecula
Tx
removal only if it effects vision
diplopia with upward gaze
pathology
orbital floor fx
orbital floor fx parathestheia
medial cheek due to infra orbital nerve
orbital floor fx DX test
CT
orbital floor fx TX 4
- nasal decongestents
- avoid blowing nose
- antibiotics (clinda)
- surgical repair
central vision loss an swell at details and color
wavey
macular degeneration
Small yellow white spots around the rim
- Drusen
macular degeneration
cotton wool spots what pathology 2
DM
HTN
what type of vision loss with DM
central
what are the 5 types of HTN retinopathy
1. AV narrowing A. Copper wiring B. Silver wiring 2. AV nicking 3. flame hemmorages, cotten wool spots 4. pappilledema
- Flashing lights
- floaters
- curtain coming down
- loss of central vision
retinal detachment
retinal detachment tx
emergency
how do you dx corneal abrasion
flurescine straining
corneal abrasion what do you do first
check visual acuity
who do you not have use a patch for coneal abrasion 2
- small , 5 mm
- contact lense
when do you remove rust ring for coneal abrasion
24 hrs
viral conjunctivitis MCC
adeno virus
viral conjunctivitis tx
supportive
allergic conjunctivitis tx
antihistamines
bacterial conjunctivitis MCC 2
S aureus
strep pneumo
bacterial conjunctivitis tx non contact lens use
- erythryomyacin
bacterial conjunctivitis tx contact lens use
- cipro
neonatal conjunctivitis cause Day 1 Day 2-5 Day 5-7 Day 7-11
Day 1: silver nitrate
Day 2-5: Gonociccal
Day 5-7 chlamydia
Day 7-11 HSV
what is the first tx for a chemical burn in eye
immediate irrigation with LR
chemical burn abx
moxofloxiacin
redness
poor vision
pain increased with EOM
orbital cellulitis
orbital cellulitis dx
CT
orbital cellulitis tx 2 (1 OR 2)
Vanco
Clinda
mal alightment of the eyes
strabismus
strabismus test
cover un cover
strabismus tx
patch the normal eye
kertinitis AKA
corneal ulcer
corneal ulcer MCC (bacteria, viral)
bacteria
corneal ulcer PE
- Hazy cornea
2. dendritic lesions with branching (HSV)
corneal ulcer Tx
- Bacterial
- HSV
- Bacterial: cipro
2. HSV: antiviral
lens thickening
cataracts
cataracts RF 3
- age
- smoking
- steroids
cataracts tx
surgery
what causes papilledema
increased ICS
swollen optic disc with blurred margins
- pathology?
- papilledema
papilledema dx
funduscopy
papilledema tx
acetazalamide
what pathology is associated with optic neuritis
- MS
what medication causes optic neuritis
-Ethambutol
what increases the pain with optic neuritis
- eye movement
PE for optic neuritis
- pupil dilate with light
tx for optic neuritis
IV steroids
- halos around lights
- sudden eye pain unilateral
- nausea vommitng
acute narrow angle glaucoma
what is the vision loss with glaucoma
peripheral
what are the three tx for acute closed angle glaucoma
- acetazalamide
- Beta blocker
- cholinergics (pilocarpine)
what does the physical exam for glaucoma show
- cupping of the optic disc
medication for chronic glaucoma
lantanoprost
temporarily monocular vision loss lasting several min that is the result of an emboli
amaurosis fugax
what is the subjective / popcorn with amaurosis fugax
curtain coming down
amaurosis fugax can lead to
central artery occultion
cherry red spot
box car
Central retinal artery occulsion
blood and thunder
Central retinal vein occulsion
Central retinal artery occulsion tx
none
MCC of otitis externa
psudomonas
tugging at ear
otitis externa
otitis externa tx
- cipro
- aminoglycosides
what is a bad complication of otits media
mastoiditis
mastoiditis dx
CT
AOM tx
amoxacillin
eustacian tube dysfunction tx
decongestiants
MCC of sensineural hearing loss
presbyacusis
sensineural hearing loss webber
lateralized to good ear
vestibular neuritis what kind of nystagmus
horizontal
vestibular neuritis tx
steroids
acoustic neuroma tx
surgery
what are the organisms for sinusitis
same as AOM
what is the dx for sinusitis
CT waters view
what is the tx for sinusitis
amoxacillin if > 14 days
what is the best tx for rhinitis
- intranasal steroids
what is the MCC of nasal polyps
allergic rhinitis
what is sametrs triad
- ASA allergy
- asthma
- nasal polyps
first line for epistaxis
direct pressure
what is the MCC of pharyngitis
- Viral: adeno
2. Bacterial: strep pyogenys
best abx for strep throat 2
penicillin G
macrolides
what is the MCC of strep throat
strep pyogenys
what is the lymphadenopathy for strep throat
anterior cervical
what is the centor score
- fever
- anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
- lack of cough
4, excudates - < 15+ 1
> 44: -1
what is the MCC of peritonsillar abcess
strep pyogenys
peritonsillar abcess 2 tx
- abx
2. I and D
does thursh brush
yes
precancerous hyperkeratosis on the tongue
oral leukoplakia
can oral leukoplakia be brushed off
no
oral hairy leukoplakia cause
EBV
painless white plaque on lateral tongue
oral hairy leukoplakia
oral hairy leukoplakia tx
none
salivary duct stones AKA
sialolithiasis
sialolithiasis mc duct
whartons duct
acute bacterial sialadenitis
bacterial infection of of parotid or submandibular gland
sialadenitis Dx
CT
sialadenitis tx
nafcillin + clindamycin
oral lichen planus is associated with what
HCV
oral lichen planus what type of pathology
autoimmune
lacy leukoplaekia of the oral mucosa
oral lichen planus
oral lichen planus tx
steroids
precancerous hyperkeratosis due to chronic irritation of the mouth, cannot be scraped off
oral leukoplakia
painless white oral plaque
oral hairy leukoplakia
