PANCE HEENT 8/10/20 Flashcards
1
Q
pathology when eyelid turns out
A
ectropion
2
Q
pathology when eyelid turns in
A
entropion
3
Q
how do you tx
- ectropion
A
lubricating eye drops
4
Q
how do you tx
- entropion
A
lubricating eye drops
5
Q
what is an infection of the dacrocyctitis
A
infection of the lacramal sac
6
Q
what is the MC organism for
dacrocyctitis
A
s aureus
7
Q
dacrocyctitis PE
A
swelling and redness on the medial side
8
Q
dacrocyctitis tx
A
clindamyacin
9
Q
what pathology crusting lid swelling bilaterally
A
blepharitis
10
Q
blepharitis tx
A
warm compress
11
Q
painful bumps on eyelid
A
hordeolum
12
Q
hordeolum tx 3
A
- warm compress
- erythrymyacin 48 hrs
- I and D
13
Q
hordeolum mc organism
A
staph aureus
14
Q
non painful bumps on eyelid
A
chalazon
15
Q
elevated nodule on nasal side of sclera
pathology?
A
pinguecula
16
Q
elevated nodule on nasal side of eye can grow into sclera
-Pathology?
A
pterygium
17
Q
trauma with an irregulary shaped pupil of hyphema
A
globe rupture
18
Q
globe rupture tx 2
A
- emergency consult
- leave bed at 45
19
Q
pterygium
pinguecula
Tx
A
removal only if it effects vision
20
Q
diplopia with upward gaze
pathology
A
orbital floor fx
21
Q
orbital floor fx parathestheia
A
medial cheek due to infra orbital nerve
22
Q
orbital floor fx DX test
A
CT
23
Q
orbital floor fx TX 4
A
- nasal decongestents
- avoid blowing nose
- antibiotics (clinda)
- surgical repair
24
Q
central vision loss an swell at details and color
wavey
A
macular degeneration
25
Small yellow white spots around the rim
| - Drusen
macular degeneration
26
cotton wool spots what pathology 2
DM
| HTN
27
what type of vision loss with DM
central
28
what are the 5 types of HTN retinopathy
```
1. AV narrowing
A. Copper wiring
B. Silver wiring
2. AV nicking
3. flame hemmorages, cotten wool spots
4. pappilledema
```
29
- Flashing lights
- floaters
- curtain coming down
- loss of central vision
retinal detachment
30
retinal detachment tx
emergency
31
how do you dx corneal abrasion
flurescine straining
32
corneal abrasion what do you do first
check visual acuity
33
who do you not have use a patch for coneal abrasion 2
- small , 5 mm
| - contact lense
34
when do you remove rust ring for coneal abrasion
24 hrs
35
viral conjunctivitis MCC
adeno virus
36
viral conjunctivitis tx
supportive
37
allergic conjunctivitis tx
antihistamines
38
bacterial conjunctivitis MCC 2
S aureus
| strep pneumo
39
bacterial conjunctivitis tx non contact lens use
- erythryomyacin
40
bacterial conjunctivitis tx contact lens use
- cipro
41
```
neonatal conjunctivitis cause
Day 1
Day 2-5
Day 5-7
Day 7-11
```
Day 1: silver nitrate
Day 2-5: Gonociccal
Day 5-7 chlamydia
Day 7-11 HSV
42
what is the first tx for a chemical burn in eye
immediate irrigation with LR
43
chemical burn abx
moxofloxiacin
44
redness
poor vision
pain increased with EOM
orbital cellulitis
45
orbital cellulitis dx
CT
46
orbital cellulitis tx 2 (1 OR 2)
Vanco
| Clinda
47
mal alightment of the eyes
strabismus
48
strabismus test
cover un cover
49
strabismus tx
patch the normal eye
50
kertinitis AKA
corneal ulcer
51
corneal ulcer MCC (bacteria, viral)
bacteria
52
corneal ulcer PE
1. Hazy cornea
| 2. dendritic lesions with branching (HSV)
53
corneal ulcer Tx
1. Bacterial
2. HSV
1. Bacterial: cipro
| 2. HSV: antiviral
54
lens thickening
cataracts
55
cataracts RF 3
1. age
2. smoking
3. steroids
56
cataracts tx
surgery
57
what causes papilledema
increased ICS
58
swollen optic disc with blurred margins
| - pathology?
- papilledema
59
papilledema dx
funduscopy
60
papilledema tx
acetazalamide
61
what pathology is associated with optic neuritis
- MS
62
what medication causes optic neuritis
-Ethambutol
63
what increases the pain with optic neuritis
- eye movement
64
PE for optic neuritis
- pupil dilate with light
65
tx for optic neuritis
IV steroids
66
- halos around lights
- sudden eye pain unilateral
- nausea vommitng
acute narrow angle glaucoma
67
what is the vision loss with glaucoma
peripheral
68
what are the three tx for acute closed angle glaucoma
- acetazalamide
- Beta blocker
- cholinergics (pilocarpine)
69
what does the physical exam for glaucoma show
- cupping of the optic disc
70
medication for chronic glaucoma
lantanoprost
71
temporarily monocular vision loss lasting several min that is the result of an emboli
amaurosis fugax
72
what is the subjective / popcorn with amaurosis fugax
curtain coming down
73
amaurosis fugax can lead to
central artery occultion
74
cherry red spot
| box car
Central retinal artery occulsion
75
blood and thunder
Central retinal vein occulsion
76
Central retinal artery occulsion tx
none
77
MCC of otitis externa
psudomonas
78
tugging at ear
otitis externa
79
otitis externa tx
- cipro
| - aminoglycosides
80
what is a bad complication of otits media
mastoiditis
81
mastoiditis dx
CT
82
AOM tx
amoxacillin
83
eustacian tube dysfunction tx
decongestiants
84
MCC of sensineural hearing loss
presbyacusis
85
sensineural hearing loss webber
lateralized to good ear
86
vestibular neuritis what kind of nystagmus
horizontal
87
vestibular neuritis tx
steroids
88
acoustic neuroma tx
surgery
89
what are the organisms for sinusitis
same as AOM
90
what is the dx for sinusitis
CT waters view
91
what is the tx for sinusitis
amoxacillin if > 14 days
92
what is the best tx for rhinitis
- intranasal steroids
93
what is the MCC of nasal polyps
allergic rhinitis
94
what is sametrs triad
- ASA allergy
- asthma
- nasal polyps
95
first line for epistaxis
direct pressure
96
what is the MCC of pharyngitis
1. Viral: adeno
| 2. Bacterial: strep pyogenys
97
best abx for strep throat 2
penicillin G
| macrolides
98
what is the MCC of strep throat
strep pyogenys
99
what is the lymphadenopathy for strep throat
anterior cervical
100
what is the centor score
1. fever
2. anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
3. lack of cough
4, excudates
5. < 15+ 1
> 44: -1
101
what is the MCC of peritonsillar abcess
strep pyogenys
102
peritonsillar abcess 2 tx
1. abx
| 2. I and D
103
does thursh brush
yes
104
precancerous hyperkeratosis on the tongue
oral leukoplakia
105
can oral leukoplakia be brushed off
no
106
oral hairy leukoplakia cause
EBV
107
painless white plaque on lateral tongue
oral hairy leukoplakia
108
oral hairy leukoplakia tx
none
109
salivary duct stones AKA
sialolithiasis
110
sialolithiasis mc duct
whartons duct
111
acute bacterial sialadenitis
bacterial infection of of parotid or submandibular gland
112
sialadenitis Dx
CT
113
sialadenitis tx
nafcillin + clindamycin
114
oral lichen planus is associated with what
HCV
115
oral lichen planus what type of pathology
autoimmune
116
lacy leukoplaekia of the oral mucosa
oral lichen planus
117
oral lichen planus tx
steroids
118
precancerous hyperkeratosis due to chronic irritation of the mouth, cannot be scraped off
oral leukoplakia
119
painless white oral plaque
oral hairy leukoplakia
