PANCE Cardio round 2 Flashcards
1
Q
LBB what leads
A
V5- V6
2
Q
what is a normal PR
A
.20
3
Q
irregularly irreigular on EKG
A
a Fib
4
Q
how long for persistant a fib
A
> 7 days
5
Q
a fib rhythm control 2
A
- cardiovertion
- ablation
6
Q
tx wide complex SVT
A
amiodrone
7
Q
what medication do you want to avoid with WPW
A
beta blocker
8
Q
unstable WPW tx
A
cardiovertion
9
Q
what rate for junctional rhythm
A
40-60
10
Q
how do you tell on EKG for junctional rhythm
A
inverted T waves
11
Q
what is the tx for PVC
A
none
12
Q
what is the tx for PEA and asystolye
A
epi, shock, epi (CPR)
13
Q
what does ST depression mean
A
cardio ishmeia
14
Q
brugada syndrome is MC is what group
A
asian males
15
Q
brugada syndrome tx
A
pacemaker
16
Q
how do you tx cocaine induced MI
A
benzos (no BB)
17
Q
how to tx prinzmental angina
A
CCB
18
Q
“sartan” what medication class
A
ARB
19
Q
best med class for HF
A
ace
20
Q
what position is worse with acute pericarditis
A
supine
Better with leaning forward
21
Q
how do you tx acute pericarditis
A
NSAIDS
colchicine
22
Q
how do you tx percardial effusion
A
pericardial centesis
23
Q
what is constrictive pericarditis often confused with
A
restrictive cardiomyopathy
24
Q
constrictive pericarditis tx
A
pericardiectomy
25
2 causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy
amalyoidosis
| sarcoidosis
26
what is the first line tx for HCMP
beta blockers
27
metabolic changes with HCTZ 5
hypercalcemia
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
Gout
DM
28
metabolic changes with Loops 3
hypocalcemia
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
29
when do you do surgery on AAA 2
5.5 cm
| > .5 6 months
30
AAA medication
BB
31
xanthomas over the extensor surfaces associated with what
TG
32
holiday heart syndrome tx
observation
33
what has a progressively long PR
mobitz I
34
what heart arrthymia do you anticoag in addition to a fib
a flutter
35
what pathology has no P waves
A fib
36
what do you TX WAP / MAP 2
- CCB
| - BB
37
how do you tell functional rhythm
inverted P waved
38
how do you tx unstable V tach with a pulse
cardiovert
39
is it possible that ST elevation does not mean an MI
- none
40
what type of block for brugoda syndrome
RBBB
41
how do you rule out CAD
stress test
42
what is the worst factor for CAD
DM
43
what three things does ACS include
- unstable angina
- NSTEMI
- STEMI
44
what pain with bradycardia think what
inferior wall MI
45
how much ST elevated for MI
| - what is also an equivalant
- 1 mm
| - new LBBB
46
EKG progression of MI 4
- Peak T waves
- ST elevation
- pathological (deep) Q
- intervened T
47
what 4 things may elevate troponin
- CKD
- CHF
- PE
- CVA
48
what two MI do you tx with CCB
- Prizmetal angina
| - cocain
49
how long after MI do you have for a stent
90 min
50
what 4 things does an STEMI get in addition to MONA
- BB
- ACE
- Herperin
- PCI
51
what 3 things does an NSTEMI get in addition to MONA
- ACE
- Herperin
- BB
52
how do you tx cocain MI 2
- CCB
| - Benzos
53
what is the name for post MI pericarditis
dresslers
54
what is the most importnat CHF medication
ACE > Duiretic > BB
but you want all 3
55
how do you tx pericardial effuion
- pericardial window
| - pericardiocentesis
56
if you see ST elevation in leads V1-V6 what are you thinking
acute pericarditis
57
tx for pericardial tamponade
pericardiocentesis
58
what do you see on echo for pericardial tamponade
diastolic collapse of the chnambers
59
pericardial knock think what
constrictive pericarditis
60
what causes myocarditis
coxackie virus
61
how do you tx myocarditis
just like S- CHF
62
what are the top three reasons for dilated cardiomyopathy
- idiopathic
- Myocarditis
- ETOH
63
what side of the heart for restrictive cardiomyopathy
- right
64
what are the 2 MC symtpms of HCOM
- dyspnea
| - angina
65
what two activities make HCOM worse
valsalva
standing
dec VR
66
two tx for HCOM
- BB
| - ICD
67
what is the MCC of mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever
68
what murmur opening snap
- mitral stenosis
69
what metabolic dysfunction is caused by loops and thiazides
- metabolic alkalosis
70
alpha blocker (prazosin) is used when for HTN
if they also have BPH
71
what is the order 4 in how to manage HTN
- Thiazides
- ACE
- ARB
- CCB
72
what two HTN everygencyes do you not want to lower BP too much
- stroke
| - aortic disection
73
what meds to raise HDL
niacin
74
what is the most importnat thing to do first with infective endocarditis
- blood clultures
75
what is the tx for infective endocarditis
- acute native
- subacute
- prosthetic valve
- fungal
- acute native: nafcillin + gent (staph aureus)
- subacute ampcillin + gent (strep virdans)
- prosthetic valve: vancy + rifamfin + gent (staph epiderm)
- fungal: amp B
76
what are the three indications for infective endocarditis prophalaxisis
- dental work gums
- resiratory
- muscle
77
what are the 6 Ps associated with
PAD
78
what side of the ankle for PAD ulcers
lateral
79
"dependent rubor
PAD
80
MC area for AAA
infrarenal
81
2 AAA RF
- athersclerosis
| - smkoking
82
best AAA medication
BB
83
what is the most importnat factor to a aortic disection
- HTN
84
diffrenece in BP between right and left
aortic disection
85
what test for aortic disection
Stable: MRI
Unstable: CT
86
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) what is it
- nonathersclertic inflammatory disease of small and medium size vesscles
87
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) primary RF
smoking
88
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) primary symptoms
similar to PAD of the small digits
89
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) tx 2
stop smoking
| CCB
90
peripherial venous disease ulcer location
medial
91
how do you tx superficial thrombophilibitis
NSAIDs
92
what is virchows triad for DVT
- stasis
- herpercoag
- endothelial damage
93
what is the manual DVT test
homas sign
94
who gets an IVC filter for a DVT
those who can't be on anti coag
95
venious insufficency ulcer
medial
96
how do you tell if the orthostatic HTN is due to hypovolemia
> 15 BPM
97
two things that dertermine shock
decreased CO
| decreased SVR
98
4 types of shock
1. hypovolemic: reduced blood volume
2. cardiogenic: reduced cardiac output
3. obstructive: Obstruction to circulation
4. disributive: maldistribution of blood flow
99
what are the two worst symptoms of hypovolemic shock
- letheray
| - low urine
100
how do you know it's cardiogenic shock
inc PCWP
101
how do you tx cardiogenic shock because you can't give fluids
-ionotropes
102
what is the only shock with an increase in CO
early septic
103
what is the only shock with warm extremities
early septic
104
4 qualifications of SIRS
- temp
- pulse
- respiratory rate
- WBC
105
how do you manage distributive shock due to adisons
hydrocortisone IV
106
how do you manage distributive shock due to anaphyalaxix
epi
