PANCE Cardio round 2 Flashcards
LBB what leads
V5- V6
what is a normal PR
.20
irregularly irreigular on EKG
a Fib
how long for persistant a fib
> 7 days
a fib rhythm control 2
- cardiovertion
- ablation
tx wide complex SVT
amiodrone
what medication do you want to avoid with WPW
beta blocker
unstable WPW tx
cardiovertion
what rate for junctional rhythm
40-60
how do you tell on EKG for junctional rhythm
inverted T waves
what is the tx for PVC
none
what is the tx for PEA and asystolye
epi, shock, epi (CPR)
what does ST depression mean
cardio ishmeia
brugada syndrome is MC is what group
asian males
brugada syndrome tx
pacemaker
how do you tx cocaine induced MI
benzos (no BB)
how to tx prinzmental angina
CCB
“sartan” what medication class
ARB
best med class for HF
ace
what position is worse with acute pericarditis
supine
Better with leaning forward
how do you tx acute pericarditis
NSAIDS
colchicine
how do you tx percardial effusion
pericardial centesis
what is constrictive pericarditis often confused with
restrictive cardiomyopathy
constrictive pericarditis tx
pericardiectomy
2 causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy
amalyoidosis
sarcoidosis
what is the first line tx for HCMP
beta blockers
metabolic changes with HCTZ 5
hypercalcemia
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
Gout
DM
metabolic changes with Loops 3
hypocalcemia
hyponatremia
hypokalemia
when do you do surgery on AAA 2
5.5 cm
> .5 6 months
AAA medication
BB
xanthomas over the extensor surfaces associated with what
TG
holiday heart syndrome tx
observation
what has a progressively long PR
mobitz I
what heart arrthymia do you anticoag in addition to a fib
a flutter
what pathology has no P waves
A fib
what do you TX WAP / MAP 2
- CCB
- BB
how do you tell functional rhythm
inverted P waved
how do you tx unstable V tach with a pulse
cardiovert
is it possible that ST elevation does not mean an MI
- none
what type of block for brugoda syndrome
RBBB
how do you rule out CAD
stress test
what is the worst factor for CAD
DM
what three things does ACS include
- unstable angina
- NSTEMI
- STEMI
what pain with bradycardia think what
inferior wall MI
how much ST elevated for MI
- what is also an equivalant
- 1 mm
- new LBBB
EKG progression of MI 4
- Peak T waves
- ST elevation
- pathological (deep) Q
- intervened T
what 4 things may elevate troponin
- CKD
- CHF
- PE
- CVA
what two MI do you tx with CCB
- Prizmetal angina
- cocain
how long after MI do you have for a stent
90 min
what 4 things does an STEMI get in addition to MONA
- BB
- ACE
- Herperin
- PCI
what 3 things does an NSTEMI get in addition to MONA
- ACE
- Herperin
- BB
how do you tx cocain MI 2
- CCB
- Benzos
what is the name for post MI pericarditis
dresslers
what is the most importnat CHF medication
ACE > Duiretic > BB
but you want all 3
how do you tx pericardial effuion
- pericardial window
- pericardiocentesis
if you see ST elevation in leads V1-V6 what are you thinking
acute pericarditis
tx for pericardial tamponade
pericardiocentesis
what do you see on echo for pericardial tamponade
diastolic collapse of the chnambers
pericardial knock think what
constrictive pericarditis
what causes myocarditis
coxackie virus
how do you tx myocarditis
just like S- CHF
what are the top three reasons for dilated cardiomyopathy
- idiopathic
- Myocarditis
- ETOH
what side of the heart for restrictive cardiomyopathy
- right
what are the 2 MC symtpms of HCOM
- dyspnea
- angina
what two activities make HCOM worse
valsalva
standing
dec VR
two tx for HCOM
- BB
- ICD
what is the MCC of mitral stenosis
rheumatic fever
what murmur opening snap
- mitral stenosis
what metabolic dysfunction is caused by loops and thiazides
- metabolic alkalosis
alpha blocker (prazosin) is used when for HTN
if they also have BPH
what is the order 4 in how to manage HTN
- Thiazides
- ACE
- ARB
- CCB
what two HTN everygencyes do you not want to lower BP too much
- stroke
- aortic disection
what meds to raise HDL
niacin
what is the most importnat thing to do first with infective endocarditis
- blood clultures
what is the tx for infective endocarditis
- acute native
- subacute
- prosthetic valve
- fungal
- acute native: nafcillin + gent (staph aureus)
- subacute ampcillin + gent (strep virdans)
- prosthetic valve: vancy + rifamfin + gent (staph epiderm)
- fungal: amp B
what are the three indications for infective endocarditis prophalaxisis
- dental work gums
- resiratory
- muscle
what are the 6 Ps associated with
PAD
what side of the ankle for PAD ulcers
lateral
“dependent rubor
PAD
MC area for AAA
infrarenal
2 AAA RF
- athersclerosis
- smkoking
best AAA medication
BB
what is the most importnat factor to a aortic disection
- HTN
diffrenece in BP between right and left
aortic disection
what test for aortic disection
Stable: MRI
Unstable: CT
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) what is it
- nonathersclertic inflammatory disease of small and medium size vesscles
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) primary RF
smoking
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) primary symptoms
similar to PAD of the small digits
Thromboangitis obliterans (burgers disease) tx 2
stop smoking
CCB
peripherial venous disease ulcer location
medial
how do you tx superficial thrombophilibitis
NSAIDs
what is virchows triad for DVT
- stasis
- herpercoag
- endothelial damage
what is the manual DVT test
homas sign
who gets an IVC filter for a DVT
those who can’t be on anti coag
venious insufficency ulcer
medial
how do you tell if the orthostatic HTN is due to hypovolemia
> 15 BPM
two things that dertermine shock
decreased CO
decreased SVR
4 types of shock
- hypovolemic: reduced blood volume
- cardiogenic: reduced cardiac output
- obstructive: Obstruction to circulation
- disributive: maldistribution of blood flow
what are the two worst symptoms of hypovolemic shock
- letheray
- low urine
how do you know it’s cardiogenic shock
inc PCWP
how do you tx cardiogenic shock because you can’t give fluids
-ionotropes
what is the only shock with an increase in CO
early septic
what is the only shock with warm extremities
early septic
4 qualifications of SIRS
- temp
- pulse
- respiratory rate
- WBC
how do you manage distributive shock due to adisons
hydrocortisone IV
how do you manage distributive shock due to anaphyalaxix
epi
