Paeds bank Flashcards

1
Q

Neonatal blood spot screening

A
  • congenital hypothyroidism
  • cystic fibrosis
  • sickle cell disease
  • phenylketonuria
  • medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
  • Maple syrup urine disease
  • isovaleric acidaemia
  • glutair aciduria type 1
  • homocystinuria (pyridoxine unresponsive)
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2
Q

4 months immunisations:

A
  • ‘6-1 vaccine’ (diptheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, Hib and hepatitis B)
  • PCV
  • Men B
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3
Q

Patau syndrome

A

Trisomy 13

  • Microcephalic, small eyes
  • Cleft lip/palate
  • Polydactyly
  • Scalp lesions
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4
Q

Edward’s syndrome

A

Trisomy 18

  • Micrognathia
  • Low-set ears
  • Rocker bottom geet
  • Overlapping fingers
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5
Q

Suspected meningococcal septicaemia in community - <1 year old

A

IM benzylpenicillin 300mg

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6
Q

Fragile X

A
  • Learning difficulties
  • Macrocephaly
  • Long face
  • Large ears
  • Macro-orchidism
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7
Q

Noonan syndrome

A
  • Webbed neck
  • Pectus excavatum
  • Short stature
  • Pulmonary stenosis
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8
Q

Pierre-Robin Syndrome

A
  • Micrognathia
  • Posterior displacement of the tongue (may result in upper airway obstruction)
  • Cleft palate
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9
Q

Prader-Willi syndrome

A
  • Hypotonia
  • Hypogonadism
  • Obesity
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10
Q

William’s syndrome

A
  • Short stature
  • Learning difficulties
  • Friendly, extrovert personality
  • Transient neonatal hypercalcaemia
  • Supravalvular aortic stenosis
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11
Q

Cri du chat synrome

A

(chromosome 5p deletion syndrome)

  • Characteristic cry
  • Feeding difficulty + poor weight gain
  • Learning difficulties
  • Microcephaly and micrognathism
  • Hypertelorism
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12
Q

Paediatric normal heart rate

A
< 1       110 - 160
1-2       100 - 150
2-5      90 - 140
5-12     80 - 120
>12       60 - 100
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13
Q

Paediatric normal respiratory rate

A
<1       30 - 40
1-2     25 - 35
2-5    25 - 30
5-12   20 - 25
>12     15 - 20
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14
Q

Hearing testing: newborn/infant

A

Otoacoustic emission test for all newborns (Newborn Hearing Screening Programme)

Auditory Brainstem Response test - if otoacoustic emission test abnormal

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15
Q

Hearing testing 6-9 months

A

Distraction test

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16
Q

Hearing testing 18m - 2.5y

A

Recognition of familiar objects

17
Q

Hearing testing >2.5 years

A

Performance testing

Speech discrimination tests (similar sounding words)

18
Q

Hearing testing >3 years

A

Pure tone audiometry - at school entry

19
Q

Measles

A
  • Prodrome: irritable, conjunctivitis, fever
  • Koplik spots
  • Rash behind ears > whole body.
  • Discrete maculopapular > confluent blotchy
20
Q

Mumps

A
  • Fever, malaise, myalgia

- Parotitis: unilateral to bilateral

21
Q

Rubella

A
  • Maculopapular rash starts on face > whole body > fades day 3-5
  • Suboccipital and postauricular lymphadenopathy
22
Q

Erythema infectiosum

A

“Fifth Disease/Slapped-Cheel”

Parvovirus B19

Lethargy, fever, headache

Slapped-cheek rash, spread to proximal arms and extensors

23
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Toxins from Group A haemolytic strep

Fever, malaise, tonsillitis, strawberry tongue

Fine punctate rash with circumoral pallor

24
Q

Hand, foot and mouth

A

Coxsackie A16

Sore throat, fever, vesicles in mouth/palms/soles

25
Chickenpox
Fever initially Itchy rash: head/trunk and spreads. Macular > papular > vesicular.
26
Colour - Green
Normal colour
27
Colour - Amber
Pallor reported by parent/carer
28
Colour - Red
Pale/mottled/ashen/blue
29
Activity - Green
- Responds normally to social cues - Conent/smiles - Stays awake/awakens quickly - Stron normal cry/not crying
30
Activity - Amber
- Not responding normally to social cues - No smile - Wakes only with prolonged stimulation - Decreased activity
31
Activity - Red
- No response to social cues - Appears ill to a healthcare professional - Does not wake or if roused does not stay awake - Weak, high-pitched or continuous cry
32
Respiratory - Amber
-Nasal flaring -Tachypneoa (RR >50 aged 6-12m) (RR >40 aged >12m) -Sats =<95% on air -Crackles in chest
33
Respiratory - Red
- Grunting - RR>60 - Moderate/severe recessions