PA2 LAB Flashcards
constitute the first part of respi system and are responsible for receiving, filtering, warming, and moistening air to be transported to the lungs
nose and paranasal sinuses
formed by the lips, cheeks, hard and soft palates, uvula, tongue and its musc;es
mouth or oral cavity
in assessing the lips what factors should be taken into consideration
color
texture
dehydration
contour
lesion
to assess the oral cavity use a
penlight
tongue depressor
square gauze
cherry colored lips indicate
carbon monoxide poisoning
an early indication of caries formation
chalky white
indicate thr formation of caries
brown or black discoloration
what color is the mucosa
glistening pink
smoot and moist
some common small yellow white raised lesions and the buccal muscosa and lips are called
fordyce spots or ectopic sebaceous glands
thick, white patches called __ are often a precancerous solution seen in hevay smokers and alcoholics
leukoplakia
health gums are
pink
smooth
moist
fit tighly around each tooth
spongy gums that bleed easily indicate
periodontal disease and vit c deficiency
a normal tongue is __ in color
medium or dull red
the ventral surface of the tongue is
pink and smooth with large number of veins
what are the key landmarks that provide a series of imaginary lines for signed identification in thorax and lungs
nipples
angle of louis
suprasternal notch
coastal angle
clavicles
vertebrae
created by vocal chords
tactile fremitus or vibrations
assesses the movement of air through the tracheobronchial tree and detecs mucus or obstructred airways
auscultation
what are the 4 types of adventageous sounds
wheezes
rhonchi
crackles
infection rub
are caaused by random, sudeen reinflation of groups of alveoli disruptive passage of air through small airways
crackles
3 types of crackles
fine
medium
coarse
these crackles are high pitched, fin, short interrupted crackling sounds heard during end of inspiration, usually not cleared with coughing
fine crackles
these crackles are lower moisture sounds heard during middle of inspiration not cleared with coughing
medium crackles
these crackles are loud, bubbly sounds heard during inspiration not cleared with coughing
coarse crackles
are loud, low pitched rumbling coarse sounds heard either during inspiration or expiration, sometimes cleared by coughing ; caused by muscular spasms, fluids, or mucus
rhonchi
are high pitched, continuous, musical sounds like a squeak heard continuously during inspi or expri, usually louder on expiration ; caused by high velocity air flow
wheezes
a dry rubbing or grating quality heard during inspi or expi, does not clear with couging ; heard loudest over lower lateral anterior surface ; caused by inflamed pleura
plural friction rub
small amount of breats is glandular tissue
male breast
majority of breast is glandular tissue
female breasts
potential site for the growth of cancer cells in the breast
glandular tissue
breast self examination for women in 20-30s
monthly
examination by health provider for women 20 above
every 3 years
examination of health provider for women above 40
annually
breast exam for women w family history of breast cancer
annually
types of discontinuous sounds
fine crackles
coarse crackles
types of continuous sounds
pleural friction rub
sibilant wheezes
sonorous wheezes
high pitched, short, popping sounds heard during inspiration, not cleared with coughing ; simulated by rolling a strand of hair between fingers near ear
fine crackles
low pitched bubbling moist sounds that may persist from early inspiration to early expiration ; described as softly separating velcro
coarse crackles
low pitched dry grating sound ; like crackle only more superficial and occurring during both inspiration and expiration
pleural friction rub
high pitched musical sounds heard primarily during expiration but may also be heard during expiration
sibilant wheeze
low pitched snoring or moaning sounds heard primarily during expiration but may be heard throughout the respiratory cycle ; cleared with coughing
sonorous wheeze
