DIAGNOSTIC TESTS Flashcards by Bianca Balandra

any type of medical test that requires physician to use instrumentation to physically enter the body

invasive diagnostic test

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what are the types of invasive diagnostic test

bronchoscopy
CEUS
blood test
endoscopy

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a procedure that lets doctors look at your lungs and air passages. performed by a pulmonologist

bronchoscopy

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an ultrasound examination that uses gas-filled microbubbles to better visualize organs and blood vessels within the abdomen and pelvis, including the liver, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, bowel and bladder

abdominal contrast-enhanced ultrasound

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a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample, usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle or fingerprick

blood test

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a minimally invasive diagnostic medical procedure ; assesses the interior surfaces of an organ by inserting a tube into the body ; painless

endoscopy

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when no break in the skin is created and there is no contact with the mucosa or skin break or internal body cavity beyond a natural or artificial body orifice

non-invasive

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types of non-invasive test

ultrasound
x-ray
eye examination
ct scan
mri
sputum collection
complete blood count
test for glucose
lipid profile
serum creatine test
serum albumin test
blood uric acid
blood urea nitrogen
transferrin
antigen skin testing

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uses sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body ; help diagnose the cause of pain, swelling, and infection in internal organs ; examine pregnant women and brain and hip in infants

ultrasound or sonography

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a common imaging test that has been used for decades ; help view inside of the body without making an incision

xray

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series of tests performed by an ophthalmologist, optometrist, orthoptist, optician ; assessing vision and ability to focus on and discern object as well as other tests and examination pertaining to the eyes

eye examination

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combines a series of xray images taken from different angles and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissues inside body ; more detailed than xray

uses contrast dye

ct scan / computerized tomography

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a type of scan that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body

mri / magnetic resonance imaging

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mucous secretion fro the lungs, bronchi and trachea ; diff from saliva ; client needs to cough and expectorate it ; identify cancer or tb in lung and specific cell type ; to assess the effectiveness of therapy

sputum collection

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meaning of:
green
rusty
white
color of mucuos

respi infection
pneumonia
no infection at all

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a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders including anemia, infection and leukemia

to review overall health ; diagnose and monitor med condition ; monitor med treatment

cbc / complete blood count

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what is the normal rbc ?

m = 4.5 - 5.3 million
f= 4.1 - 5.1 million

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what is the normal hemoglobin count

m = 13.8 - 18
f = 12 - 16

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what is the normal hematocrit

m = 37 - 49%
f = 36 - 46%

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what is the normal mcv

m = 78-100
f = 78 - 102

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what is the normal mch

25-35 pg

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what is the normal mchc

31-37%

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what is the normal wbc

4500 - 11000 /mm3

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what is the normal neutrophil count

55-70%

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what is the normal lymphocytes count

20 - 40%

what is the normal monocyte count

2 - 8 %

what is the normal eosinophil count

1 - 4 %

what is the normal basophil count

0 -2 %

what is the normal platelet count

150,000 to 350,000 /mm3

used to determine or monitor blood glucose levels of clients at risk for hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia ; promote glucose regulation ; evaluate effectiveness of insulin administration

test for glucose

3 types of test for glucose

fasting blood sugar test oral glucose tolerance test glycosylated hemoglobin test

type of test for glucose where a blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast

fasting blood sugar test

type of test for glucose where you fast overnight and the fasting blood sugar is measured ; drink sugary liquid and blood sugar levels are tested periodically for the next two hours

oral glucose tolerance test

type of test for glucose that does not require fasting, indicates average blood sugar level for the past 2 - 3 months ; measures percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying protein in red blood cells

glycosylated hemoglobin test / HbA1c test

shows if you have kidney disease

serum creatinine test

drugs that can increase creatinine

cimetidine aspirin ibuprofen chemotherapy drugs cephalexin cefuroxime

test used to assess liver and kidney function ; insulin, steroids, growth hormones may affect the results

serum albumin test

test used to diagnose gout and kidney stones ; alcohol, ibuprofen, high levels of vit c, and xray dyesmay interfere w result

blood uric acid test

test used to measure the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes form the waste product urea ; breaks down protein into urea ; excreted in urine

blood urea nitrogen

binds and carries iron from the intestine through the serum

transferrin

provide an estimate of visceral protein stores ; include hemoglobin, albumin, transferrin, and total iron binding

serum proteins

diagnostic tests injected into the skin to aid in the diagnosis of infection with certain pathogens ; to assess cellular hypersensitivity to candida albicans

antigen skin testing

indicated to assess cellular hypersensitivity to candida albicans

candin

test that determines if you have tuberculosis ; read after 48 - 72 hours

purified protein derivative / ppd

a history of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis

spherusol

a special type of xray that measures bone mineral density ; provides information about bone strength or fragility and the risk of fractures or broken bones ; higher the density the lower the fracture ; painless procedure ; no tunnel or ring involved

bone mineral density scan / dxa scan

ranges for RBS

normal: 79-160 pd: 160-200 d: >200

ranges for FBS

normal: 100 pd: 100-125 d: >126

ranges for OGT

normal: <140 pd: 140-199 d: <200

ranges for hbA1c

normal: <5.75% pd: 5.7-6.4 d: >6.5%

range for HDL and LDL

HDL: male: 35-65 female: 35-80 LDL <130 mg/dL

range for triglycerides

<150 mg/dL

range for creatinine test

male: 0.7-1.3 female: 0.6-1.1

normal range for serum albumin test

3.4-5.4 g/dL

how many hours NPO before blood uric acid test

4 hours

range for blood uric acid test

male: 4-8.5 female: 2.5-7.5

what interferes with uric acid results

alcohol aspirin and ibuprofen high levels of vitamin C dyes used in Xrays

is creatinine levels increase, doctors will request for

BUN test

test to check for anemia, hepa, pregnancy, or liver dysfunction

transferrin test

range for transferrin

170 - 370 mg/dL

high amounts of transferrin levels indicate

iron deficiency anemia

low amounts of transferrin levels indicate

liver disease and hemolytic anemia

indication of a positive ppd test

5-9mm of firm swelling