DIAGNOSTIC TESTS Flashcards
any type of medical test that requires physician to use instrumentation to physically enter the body
invasive diagnostic test
what are the types of invasive diagnostic test
bronchoscopy
CEUS
blood test
endoscopy
a procedure that lets doctors look at your lungs and air passages. performed by a pulmonologist
bronchoscopy
an ultrasound examination that uses gas-filled microbubbles to better visualize organs and blood vessels within the abdomen and pelvis, including the liver, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, bowel and bladder
abdominal contrast-enhanced ultrasound
a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample, usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle or fingerprick
blood test
a minimally invasive diagnostic medical procedure ; assesses the interior surfaces of an organ by inserting a tube into the body ; painless
endoscopy
when no break in the skin is created and there is no contact with the mucosa or skin break or internal body cavity beyond a natural or artificial body orifice
non-invasive
types of non-invasive test
ultrasound
x-ray
eye examination
ct scan
mri
sputum collection
complete blood count
test for glucose
lipid profile
serum creatine test
serum albumin test
blood uric acid
blood urea nitrogen
transferrin
antigen skin testing
uses sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body ; help diagnose the cause of pain, swelling, and infection in internal organs ; examine pregnant women and brain and hip in infants
ultrasound or sonography
a common imaging test that has been used for decades ; help view inside of the body without making an incision
xray
series of tests performed by an ophthalmologist, optometrist, orthoptist, optician ; assessing vision and ability to focus on and discern object as well as other tests and examination pertaining to the eyes
eye examination
combines a series of xray images taken from different angles and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the bones, blood vessels, and soft tissues inside body ; more detailed than xray
uses contrast dye
ct scan / computerized tomography
a type of scan that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the inside of the body
mri / magnetic resonance imaging
mucous secretion fro the lungs, bronchi and trachea ; diff from saliva ; client needs to cough and expectorate it ; identify cancer or tb in lung and specific cell type ; to assess the effectiveness of therapy
sputum collection
meaning of:
green
rusty
white
color of mucuos
respi infection
pneumonia
no infection at all
a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders including anemia, infection and leukemia
to review overall health ; diagnose and monitor med condition ; monitor med treatment
cbc / complete blood count
what is the normal rbc ?
m = 4.5 - 5.3 million
f= 4.1 - 5.1 million
what is the normal hemoglobin count
m = 13.8 - 18
f = 12 - 16
what is the normal hematocrit
m = 37 - 49%
f = 36 - 46%
what is the normal mcv
m = 78-100
f = 78 - 102
what is the normal mch
25-35 pg
what is the normal mchc
31-37%
what is the normal wbc
4500 - 11000 /mm3
what is the normal neutrophil count
55-70%
what is the normal lymphocytes count
20 - 40%
what is the normal monocyte count
2 - 8 %
what is the normal eosinophil count
1 - 4 %
what is the normal basophil count
0 -2 %
what is the normal platelet count
150,000 to 350,000 /mm3
used to determine or monitor blood glucose levels of clients at risk for hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia ; promote glucose regulation ; evaluate effectiveness of insulin administration
test for glucose
3 types of test for glucose
fasting blood sugar test
oral glucose tolerance test
glycosylated hemoglobin test
type of test for glucose where a blood sample will be taken after an overnight fast
fasting blood sugar test
type of test for glucose where you fast overnight and the fasting blood sugar is measured ; drink sugary liquid and blood sugar levels are tested periodically for the next two hours
oral glucose tolerance test
type of test for glucose that does not require fasting, indicates average blood sugar level for the past 2 - 3 months ; measures percentage of blood sugar attached to hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying protein in red blood cells
glycosylated hemoglobin test / HbA1c test
shows if you have kidney disease
serum creatinine test
drugs that can increase creatinine
cimetidine
aspirin
ibuprofen
chemotherapy drugs
cephalexin
cefuroxime
test used to assess liver and kidney function ; insulin, steroids, growth hormones may affect the results
serum albumin test
test used to diagnose gout and kidney stones ; alcohol, ibuprofen, high levels of vit c, and xray dyesmay interfere w result
blood uric acid test
test used to measure the amount of nitrogen in the blood that comes form the waste product urea ; breaks down protein into urea ; excreted in urine
blood urea nitrogen
binds and carries iron from the intestine through the serum
transferrin
provide an estimate of visceral protein stores ; include hemoglobin, albumin, transferrin, and total iron binding
serum proteins
diagnostic tests injected into the skin to aid in the diagnosis of infection with certain pathogens ; to assess cellular hypersensitivity to candida albicans
antigen skin testing
indicated to assess cellular hypersensitivity to candida albicans
candin
test that determines if you have tuberculosis ; read after 48 - 72 hours
purified protein derivative / ppd
a history of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis
spherusol
a special type of xray that measures bone mineral density ; provides information about bone strength or fragility and the risk of fractures or broken bones ; higher the density the lower the fracture ; painless procedure ; no tunnel or ring involved
bone mineral density scan / dxa scan
ranges for RBS
normal: 79-160
pd: 160-200
d: >200
ranges for FBS
normal: 100
pd: 100-125
d: >126
ranges for OGT
normal: <140
pd: 140-199
d: <200
ranges for hbA1c
normal: <5.75%
pd: 5.7-6.4
d: >6.5%
range for HDL and LDL
HDL:
male: 35-65
female: 35-80
LDL
<130 mg/dL
range for triglycerides
<150 mg/dL
range for creatinine test
male: 0.7-1.3
female: 0.6-1.1
normal range for serum albumin test
3.4-5.4 g/dL
how many hours NPO before blood uric acid test
4 hours
range for blood uric acid test
male: 4-8.5
female: 2.5-7.5
what interferes with uric acid results
alcohol
aspirin and ibuprofen
high levels of vitamin C
dyes used in Xrays
is creatinine levels increase, doctors will request for
BUN test
test to check for anemia, hepa, pregnancy, or liver dysfunction
transferrin test
range for transferrin
170 - 370 mg/dL
high amounts of transferrin levels indicate
iron deficiency anemia
low amounts of transferrin levels indicate
liver disease and hemolytic anemia
indication of a positive ppd test
5-9mm of firm swelling
