Ovarian cyst Flashcards
1
Q
what is it?
A
a fluid filled sac
2
Q
types?
A
- functional
- follicular cyst
- most common
- usually disappear after a few menstrual cycles
- corpus luteum cyst
- usually occur in early pregnancy
- follicular cyst
- serous cystadenoma
- benign tumour of epithelial cells
- mucinous cystadenoma
- benign tumour of epithelial cells - can grow v large
- endometrioma
- dermoid cyst
- germ cell tumour - teratoma (benign)
- sex chord-stromal tumour
- benign or malignant
3
Q
describe functional cysts
A
- physiological
- usually occur in pre-menopausal women
- usually benign
4
Q
presentation?
A
- asymptomatic- discovered incidentally
- pelvic pain
- boating
- abdominal fullness
- palpable pelvic mass
5
Q
Ix?
A
- history
- rule out features / risk factors for malignancy
- pelvic US
- Bloods
- CA-125- part of RMI
further tumour markers if germ cell tumour suspected:
- LDH
- AFP
- HCG
6
Q
other causes of raised CA-125
A
- endometriosis
- adenomyosis
- fibroids
- pregnancy
- liver disease
- pelvic infection
7
Q
how do you calculate RMI and what is it?
A
risk of ovarian mass being malignant
takes account of:
- US features
- menopausal status
- CA-125 level
8
Q
Mx?
A
- pre-menopausal
- simple/complex w no suspicion for malignancy: conservative
- if persists / enlarges: surgical cystectomy
- simple/complex w suspicion for malignancy: laparotomy
- simple/complex w no suspicion for malignancy: conservative
- post-menopausal
- simple w no suspicion for malignancy: conservative
- if persists / enlarges: surgical cystectomy
- complex: laparotomy
- simple w no suspicion for malignancy: conservative
9
Q
Complications?
A
- torsion
- haemorrhage into cyst
- rupture with bleeding into peritoneum
10
Q
what is Meig’s Syndrome?
A
a triad of
- ovarian fibroma
- ascites
- pleural effusion
11
Q
Mx of Meig’s syndrome?
A
removal of the tumour results in complete resolution of the effusion and ascites
