osmosis terminology Flashcards
what is a negative control?
when doing an experiment the testing condition leads to an outcome is no different from what you would expect normally
e.g. Ecoli+glucose+amoxycillin=ecoli death
what is a positive control?
when doing an experiment the testing condition leads to an outcome that has a predicable amount of effect
e.g. ecoli+glucose+ new AB= variable cell death
what is an independent variable?
is the cause of change in the experiment e.g. the AB in the ecoli experiment
what is the dependent variable?
is the effect of the experiment e.g. the glucose in the experiment
what is a solute?
it’s a substance dissolved into another substance, usually the lesser amount e.g. sugar water
what is osmosis?
the passive transport of water from one solute to another between a selectively permeable membrane until equilibrium is reached
what is osmolarity?
the total concentration of all dissolved substances
Osmolarity (Osm l-1)=concentration (M) x number of ions solute dissociates into
what is concentration of solutes measured in?
Molarity (M)
what is ICF?
intracellular fluid (fluid stored inside the cytosol)
what is ECF?
extracellular fluid (stored outside of the cell)
what does isotonic mean?
when the ICF and ECF is balanced to the net amount of water
what is hypotonic?
when the ECF is lower in concentration than the ICF or
When the ICF is higher in concentration than the ECF
i.e. more water entering the cell than leaving it
what is hypertonic?
when the ICF is lower than the EF or
when the ECF is higher than the ICF
i.e. more water is leaving the cell than entering it (crenation)
what is crenation?
when the cell starts to shrink due to dehydration
what is lysis?
when the cell is swollen and the membrane bursts due to too much water
