Module 3: action potentials Flashcards
what sends actions potentials in a neuron?
the Axon
what other words are used to describe an action potential?
spike
impulse
what is depolarisation in a neuron?
when the ICF becomes more positive than the resting membrane potential (-70mV+)
why does hyperpolarisation happen normally?
Na+ entering the cell
what is repolarisation in a neuron?
when the cell has gone from resting to depolarise and it goes back to resting again
why does repolarisation happen normally?
more K+ leaving the cell
what is hyperpolarisation?
when the ICF becomes more negative than the resting membrane potential (-70mV-)
what triggers an Action potential in neurons?
a local or graded potential that is large enough to trigger the postivie feedback cycle
describe the features of an action potential
- large change in voltage
- very brief (~1-2ms)
- revirsible
are local/graded potentials the same size?
No
what is the general threshold to trigger an action potential?
~50mV
where are action potentials initiaiated?
in the axon hillock
are action potentials the same size?
yes ~+30mV
what are the 3 states of the voltage gates sodium channel?
- open
- closed
- inactivated
describe how the sodium channel is positioned in the open position
gate is open and ball is at rest, sodium ions can pass down heir gradient as they wish