ORTHOTIC INTERVENTION HIGH YIELD

Question 1

what are the shoe considerations?

Answer 1

stability or motion control
consider outside, inside and filler material
mods are simpler on leader soles vs rubber

Question 2

external heel mods?

Answer 2

heel lift

SACH heel

Question 3

name this this condition?

insensitive or dysvascular foot
arthritic foot
pronation
supination
AFO/KAFO

Answer 3

orthoses (Common)

Question 4

name this this condition?

stroke
neuropathies
peripheral vascular disease
venous insufficiency
spinal cord injury
peripheral nerve injury

Answer 4

insensitive + dysvascular foot

Question 5

name this this condition?

custom orthoses (Plastazote)
extra depth shoes

Answer 5

dysvascular + insensitive

Question 6

what are some preventative foot care tips?

Answer 6

daily inspection
special attention to met heads
eval the shoes
use of a mirror
daily foot soaks and emollient application

Question 7

what are some reasons for an arthritic foot?

Answer 7

first MTP joint
fat pad atrophy
bursal pathology

Question 8

for an arthritic foot, for the MTP joint, which one is first affected?

Answer 8

first MTP joint

Question 9

what are the shoe considerations for the prescription of an arthritic foot?

Answer 9

extra depth for clawing
large toe box
met pads

custom orthosis for body wt distribution and additional external shoe mods

Question 10

this foot condition is an underlying factor in:

shin splints
patellofemoral issues
plantar fasciitis 
achilles tendonitis
tibialis posterior tendonitis

Answer 10

pronated feet (pes planus)

Question 11

this is the most common biomechanical problem on average?

Answer 11

pronated feet (pes planus)

Question 12

prescription for pronated feet (pes planus)?

if flexible in nature?
if fixed?

Answer 12

motion control
firm heel counter
medial support
wider heel flare

lateral hind foot post with a drop out for the 1st ray
accommodate

Question 13

function of orthoses?

Answer 13

decrease pain
prevent/correct deformity
create support

Question 14

what are the keys to orthotic design (key points)?

Answer 14

simple
inconspicuous
comfortable
cosmetic as possible

Question 15

what are the AFO (ankle foot orthoses) used for?

Answer 15

weakness of ankle and subtalar joints

made of plastic, metal, carbon fiber

Question 16

what are the AFO designs?

Answer 16

posterior leaf springs (PLS)
semi rigid plastic
solid

*metal/conventional and floor reaction AFO

Question 17

knee ankle foot orthoses (KAFO) is used for?

Answer 17

extension of AFO proximally to control knee motion and alignment

Question 18

what does KAFO treat?

Answer 18

genu recurvatum
genu valgum
genu varum

Question 19

describe knee orthoses?

Answer 19

wide ranger from knee sleeves
3 point pressure system
lever arms

Question 20

name this orthoses?

pelvic band and hip joint added

indicated for:
hip flexion/extension instability
hip abduction/adduction weakness
hip internal/external rotation instability 
unilateral or bilateral

Answer 20

hip knee ankle foot orthoses (HKAFO)