DRY NEEDLING PAIN PATHWAYS

Question 1

the pain pathway affects what afferents?

Answer 1

A-delta afferents

Question 2

what is the pathway of the pain pathway?

Answer 2

A-delta afferents project to marginal cells that connect to lateral spinothalamic tract

Question 3

the a-delta receptors project to?

Answer 3

enkephalinergic stalk cells (ST) in the spinal cord which inhibits the SGR and blocs transmission of C fiber pain

Question 4

fast pain carrying fibers in the lateral spinothalamic tract give off collaterals to the _____?

Answer 4

periaqueductal gray (PAG) in the midbrain

Question 5

the PAG activates what of the medulla? this stimulates?

Answer 5

the nucleus raphe magnus of the medulla

stimulates the ST cells and SGR

Question 6

what influences PAG activation of the hypothalamus?

Answer 6

prefrontal cortex and generates descending pain modulation

Question 7

this influences the locus coeruleus of the pons or similar noradrenergic brainstem structures controlling the SGR modulating pain?

Answer 7

nucleus paragigantocullularis (PGC) of the medulla

Question 8

how is pain via the spinal segment inhibited?

Answer 8

direct input of A-delta generated information to the reticular dorsalis in the medulla