Orthoreoviruses, Avian reovirus and Rotavirus Flashcards
What does REO stand for?
resp
enteric
orphan
Reo virus genotype
- dsRNA
- highly resistant
T/F
Avian Orthoreovirus is species specific virus
False
reo virus genus
orthoreovirus
rotavirus
OrbiVirus (BTD, AHS & EE)
epizootiology of Orthoreovirus in birds
- mainly chicken & turkeys
- in young birds
- resistance above 10 wks of age
- V resistant
- inf PO
- shed by faeces
- Germinative inf
Orthoreovirus in birds pathogenesis
- PO (trypsin resistant)
- (trypsin sensitive strains, airborne)
- propagation in intestinal epithelial cells & bursa of fabricus)
- epithelial damage
- viraemia
- virus dissemination
- necrotic inf. foci in organs tenosynovitis and arthritis
Orthoreovirus in birds main diseases
arhritis-tenosynovitis
enteritis
hydropericardium (in geese)
resp
immunosuppression
CNS signs
Orthoreovirus in birds arthritis & tenosynovitis CS
- 4-8wks broilers, poor keeping
- lameness
- swollen tiobio-tarsal, tarso-metatarsal joint
- rupture of the m.gastrocnemius
- decreased BW (eco. loss)
(several serotypes)
Orthoreovirus in birds arthritis & tenosynovitis diagnosis
RT-PCR
Ab detection: ELISA
exp infection of day old chicks : footpad or IM
Orthoreovirus in birds arthritis & tenosynovitis prevention
vaccines: live, attenuated & inactivated
- chickens with yolk immunity : 5-7 wks
- chikens without yolk immunity: 1dy old + vacc against Marek
+ before laying period : inactivated vaccine
Runting stunting syndrome (RSS) in which animals
chicken
Poult enteritis and mortality complex syndrome (PEMS) which animals
turkey
RSS & PEMS disease
enteritis
feather problems (helicopter)
cartilage necrosis
enlarged intestines
inflammation of parenchymal organs
Orthoreoviruses in waterfowl
classical & new type (mortality higher in new type)
lethargy
lameness
kindey, liver, spleen enlarged
arthritis
Orthoreoviruses in mammals
PO/aerogenic
shed by faeces
mainly in calves (diarrhea, resp)
colostrum Ab protects up to 5 months
Rotavirus genus how many serotypes
10 serotypes
Rotavirus ST A infects which animals
mammals and birds are susceptible, 90% of human cases
Rotavirus ST B infects which animals
human, pig, cattle, sheep, rat
Rotavirus ST C infects which animals
pig, rarely human
Rotavirus pathogenesis
PO/faeces
infection at birth of few days old
propagation in SI
damage epithelial cells
shortened villi
diarrhea
exciccosis
Rotavirus infections in domestic animals CS
- mainly 1-2 wko (incubation 1-2dy)
- massive diarrhea
- lethargy
- coinfection
- in older animals: sever cases due to immunosuppression
Rotavirus infections in domestic animals mortality
usually low, can increase with coinfections
Rotavirus infections in domestic animals patho
enlarged intestines
villus atrophy
Rotavirus infections in domestic animals Diagnosis
virus detection from faeces, mucosa of SI:
- RT-PCR, Elisa
Rotavirus infections in domestic animals prevention
vaccinate pregnant animals in their third trimester twice with inactivated multivalent vaccines (protection with colostrum)
Human rotavirus infections
Newborns → 5-year-old children
low income countries
vaccination 2-4 mths with live vaccine, PO
