HepeViradae

Question 1

Hepeviridae causes

Answer 1

Hepatitis E

Question 2

Important Hepeviridae virus

Answer 2

HEV-3
HEV-4
HEV-C1

Question 3

Orthohepevirus A genotypes and predominant host species

Answer 3

HEV-3: Pig, rabbit, human
HEV-4: Human, pig

Question 4

Orthohepevirus C genotypes and predominant host species

Answer 4

HEV-C1: Rat, humans

Question 5

Orthohepevirus B predominant host species

Answer 5

Chicken

Question 6

is hepeviridae orthohepevirus genus zoonotic

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

Hepeviridae resistancy

Answer 7

non-enveloped
good resistance can survive in stomach pH

Question 8

Hepeviridae food hygiene

Answer 8

• pH resistant
• 70° for at least 5 minutes to inactivate in food
• cannot stand cooling in fridge

Question 9

what happens if hepeviridae is frozen

Answer 9

the genome disappears

Question 10

Hepeviridae antigenicity

Answer 10

good antigenicity

(antibody can be detected in blood after infection)

Question 11

which Hepeviridae genotype are present where?

Answer 11

1 & 2 in poor sanitary regions
3 & 4 are zoonotic & present in USA, Europe and australia

Question 12

how can Hepeviridae be transmitted

Answer 12

• poor sanitary regions: humans to humans (contaminated waters)
• devlped countries: (zoonotic)
  animal to animal: faeces
  animal to human: contact with infected animals (or faeces), raw meat of inf. animals, vegetables, seafood.

Question 13

pathogenesis of Hepeviridae

Answer 13

PO (via faeces)
rep in liver(highest amount of virus)
viraemia (extrahepatic rep)
spreading by faeces

Question 13

Hepeviridae clinical signs/patho

Answer 13

none..
histopath can possibly seen inflammation in the liver

Question 14

Hepeviridae clinical signs in humans

Answer 14

• acute: none, mild symptoms, sometimes fatal (men over 50)
• chronic: extrahepatic symptoms (neuro signs)

Question 15

Hepeviridae IgG antibodies can last for how long?

Answer 15

months & years

Question 16

Hepeviridae prevention

Answer 16

Animal/stable hygiene
in pigs, piglets are mostly infected but inf is at 12wks and slaughter at 24 wks (only 10% will have undergone viraemia at slaughter)
even more risk in rabbits

avoid consumption of raw pork

Question 17

Hepeviridae vaccine

Answer 17

none

Question 18

Chicken Big liver and spleen disease causative agent

Answer 18

Orthohepvirus B, Avihepevirus magniiecur

Question 19

Chicken Big liver and spleen disease affects which animals

Answer 19

chickens over 24 wks (broiler parents in lay)

Question 20

Chicken Big liver and spleen disease pathogenesis

Answer 20

PO
rep: intestinal mucosa epithel & lymphatic tissue
viraemia
rep in liver & spleen
shedding by faeces

Question 21

Chicken Big liver and spleen disease clinical signs

Answer 21

sudden death but chronic under production drops 20%
anaemia
premature moulting
mortality : 1% for wk 3-4 (otherwise very low)

Question 22

Chicken Big liver and spleen disease pathology

Answer 22

enlarged liver
enlarged, marbled spleen

Question 23

lab diagnostics Chicken Big liver and spleen disease

Answer 23

PCR (direct)
ELISA (indirect)

Question 24

Chicken Big liver and spleen disease treament and prevention

Answer 24

no treatment (supportive)
prevention: hygiene