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Epi MT > TogaVirus > Flashcards

TogaVirus Flashcards

1
Q

togavirus important viruses

A
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Eastern equine encephalitis virus
  • Getah virus
  • O’nyong-nyong virus
  • Semliki Forest virus
  • Sindbis virus
  • Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
  • Western equine encephalitis virus
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2
Q

Eastern-, Western, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis
description

A

Acute neurological diseases of horses present only in the Americas, transmitted by mosquitoes (thus seasonal) and affect several other species including human

ZOONOTIC

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3
Q

Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis occurrence

A

USA southern states – Central and South America

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4
Q

Western Equine Encephalomyelitis occurrence

A

Canada – USA west coast – Mexico – South America

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5
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis occurrence

A

Canada - USA east coast – Central America

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6
Q

in which other animals can Equine Encephalomyelitis be detected

A

rodents and birds but without disease

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7
Q

Toga virus resistancy

A

envelopped, weak resistance to environment

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8
Q

what temparature is convinient for toga virus

A

37°
in mosquitoes can only be reached in summer time

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9
Q

In togavirus transmission, what role does the mosquitoe play?

A

biological vector
Virrus rep in the mosquito after blood meal
Transovarial transmission from one generation to another, they hatch inefcted

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10
Q

togavirus euryxen or stenoxen?

A

euryxen

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11
Q

what kind of hosts are humans for toga virus

A

dead end host

virus titre in the blood during viraemia is too low for transmission

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12
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis cycle type

A

bird and mosquito

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13
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis season

A

warm, rainy summer and fall; wetlands

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14
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis distance of transmission

A

long distance, via bird migration

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15
Q

Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitishorse and humans are which kind of hosts

A

dead end

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16
Q

Western Equine Encephalomyelitishorse and humans are which kind of hosts

A

both dead end

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17
Q

Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitishorse and humans are which kind of hosts

A

horse is not a dead end

can induce high virus titre anaemia in the
horse than the mosquito can transmitt it from horse to other animals/humans

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18
Q

Western Equine Encephalomyelitis cycle types

A

bird- mosquito- rodent cycle

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19
Q

Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis cycle

A

rodent/horse-mosquitoes-rodents/horse

20
Q

Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis season

A

summer/rainy

21
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis pathogenesis

A

bite
injection of virus into blood
reaches regional lymph node (prim. rep)
Viraemia (1st)
visceral organs
back to blood (viraemia)

22
Q

Can Equine Encephalomyelitis appear as an unapparent infection

A

yes, no fever, low titre viraemia (too low to cause damages in body)

23
Q

which Equine Encephalomyelitis has the highest mortality rate?

A

Eastern < Western < Venezuelan

24
Q

how long is immunity after Equine Encephalomyelitis infection

A

life-long

but can be long lasting brain damage signs

25
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis incubation time

A

1-3wks

26
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis peracute form

A

fever (>41°), shock death

27
Q

Acute/Subacute form of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

Biphasic fever (2 viraemia)
signs of encephalitis, myelitis

28
Q

venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis acute specific symptoms

A

+ colic & diarrhea

29
Q

terminal stage of Equine Encephalomyelitis symptom

A

horse lies down and turns in circles

“digging own grave”

30
Q

can there be a chronic form of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

rare, 1-2wks, death can occur too

(recovery but with permanent damages)

31
Q

Pathoglogy of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

macroscopically unspecific

32
Q

histopath of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

encephalitis, myelitis (grey & white matter affected)

(lots of immune cells)

33
Q

Diagnosis of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

NOTIFIABLE DISEASE
season, geographic
blood, brain samples

34
Q

DD of Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

with CNS signs:
Rabies, Rhinopneumonitis, West Nile fever, St Louis encephalitis, Japanese encephalitis, Getah virus

35
Q

prevention of all three Equine Encephalomyelitis

A

OIE listed and NOTIFIABLE in EU

36
Q

Equine Encephalomyelitis immunisation

A

Inactivated, trivalent vaccine- meaning it contains all 3 viruses
- 2× basic immunisation + yearly repetitions
- Venezuelan: strain TC 83 – attenuated (virus is alive but weakened, thus does
not cause clinical signs)

37
Q

is Equine Encephalomyelitis zoonotic?

A

YES

38
Q

public health consideration of Equine Encephalomyelitis in humans

A

Infection of pregnant mother in the 2nd-3rd trimester can lead to abortion, newborn cerebral necrosis
children more sensitive
human vaccine present

39
Q

Where is the Chikungunya virus found?

A

Africa, india, indonesia

40
Q

what is the vector of the Chikungunya virus

A

asian tiger mosquito

41
Q

human CS of Chikungunya virus

A

joint pain, fever, rash, haemorrhages

42
Q

O’nyong-nyong, Igbo Ora is where? and causes what?

A

Africa
fever & rash in humans (joint pain)

43
Q

Ross River fever is where ? and causes What?

A
  • Australia, New-Guinea, Fiji-islands
  • Human: fever, arthritis, rash
44
Q

Getah virus is where ? and causes What?

A
  • Horse encephalitis (in Japan)
  • Not zoonotic
45
Q

Sindbis virus where?

A

Africa, europe

46
Q

Semliki forest virus where ?

A

Africa

Epi MT (15 decks)

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