Orthopedics Ch17 Conditions in OT (Week 1)

Question 1

Closed fracture

Answer 1

Fracture that has not broken through the skin

Question 2

Colles fracture

Answer 2

Fracture resulting in dorsal displacement dorsal comminuting and radius shortening often referred to as dinner fork deformity given it’s resemblance to an upside down for fork

Question 3

Comminuted fracture

Answer 3

A fracture in which a bone in broken splintered or crushed into a number of pieces

Question 4

Complex regional pain syndrome CRPS

Answer 4

Also referred to as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is a chronic pain condition in which high levels of nerve impulses are sent to an affected site

Question 5

Compound fracture

Answer 5

Also referred to as an open fracture as the fractured bone breaks through the skin surface and are more prone to infection

Question 6

Delayed union

Answer 6

When the bone takes more time to heal then is expected it heals slowly it may be suspected when pain and tenderness persist at the fracture site three months to one year after the injury

Question 7

Distal radius fracture

Answer 7

Common fracture of the radius due to its proximity to the wrist joint often referred to as a wrist fracture

Question 8

Ecchymosis

Answer 8

Skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels

Question 9

Greenstick fracture

Answer 9

Often seen in children whose bones are still soft and growing rather than snapping into two the bone breaks on one side and Bends on the other it is similar to how a young twig or tree limb breaks thus the name greenstick fracture

Question 10

Heterotrophic ossification

Answer 10

The formation of bone in soft tissue and periarticular locations early clinical signs include warmth swelling pain and decreased joint motion common in joints for heterotopic ossification are the shoulder elbow hip and knee

Question 11

Humeral fracture

Answer 11

A fracture that results in humeral displacement and malposition of the distal limb

Question 12

Malunion

Answer 12

Refers to nonunion of a fractured bone

Question 13

Open fracture

Answer 13

A fracture in which the bone breaks through the skin surface also referred to as a compound fracture

Question 14

Open reduction internal fixation ORIF

Answer 14

A surgical procedure in which involves the opening of and reducing the fracture site internal fixation is commonly done after an open reduction to secure the fracture internal fixation involves securing the fracture site with pins and rods plates and screws

Question 15

Osteoarthritis

Answer 15

Also referred to as degenerative joint disease is a non-inflammatory joint disease that results in deterioration of articular cartilage in the formation of new bone or osteophytes on the joint surface

Question 16

Osteopenia

Answer 16

Low bone mass reversible weakening of the bone that may be diagnosed through a bone density scan just as osteoporosis

Question 17

Osteoporosis

Answer 17

Disease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone it is common in postmenopausal women due to the cessation of estrogen production

Question 18

Pathologic fracture

Answer 18

A weakening of bone that may result in it being unable to sustain normal forces experienced during daily activities this the bone May fracture while the person simply bends over or gets out of bed

Question 19

Remodeling

Answer 19

The final stages of bone healing in which the bone is ideally reshaped to its original form to enable it to resume it’s intended function as best as possible

Question 20

Smith’s fracture

Answer 20

Opposite of Colles’ fracture in that the displacement from the break is positioned toward the volar or Palmer aspect of the wrist rather than the dorsal aspect

Question 21

Volkmamn’s deformity

Answer 21

An orthopedic deformity that results from severe damage to tissues and muscles caused by increased pressure in the forearm compartments

Question 22

Arthroplasty

Answer 22

Joint replacement