Orthopedics Ch17 Conditions in OT (Week 1) Flashcards
Closed fracture
Fracture that has not broken through the skin
Colles fracture
Fracture resulting in dorsal displacement dorsal comminuting and radius shortening often referred to as dinner fork deformity given it’s resemblance to an upside down for fork
Comminuted fracture
A fracture in which a bone in broken splintered or crushed into a number of pieces
Complex regional pain syndrome CRPS
Also referred to as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is a chronic pain condition in which high levels of nerve impulses are sent to an affected site
Compound fracture
Also referred to as an open fracture as the fractured bone breaks through the skin surface and are more prone to infection
Delayed union
When the bone takes more time to heal then is expected it heals slowly it may be suspected when pain and tenderness persist at the fracture site three months to one year after the injury
Distal radius fracture
Common fracture of the radius due to its proximity to the wrist joint often referred to as a wrist fracture
Ecchymosis
Skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels
Greenstick fracture
Often seen in children whose bones are still soft and growing rather than snapping into two the bone breaks on one side and Bends on the other it is similar to how a young twig or tree limb breaks thus the name greenstick fracture
Heterotrophic ossification
The formation of bone in soft tissue and periarticular locations early clinical signs include warmth swelling pain and decreased joint motion common in joints for heterotopic ossification are the shoulder elbow hip and knee
Humeral fracture
A fracture that results in humeral displacement and malposition of the distal limb
Malunion
Refers to nonunion of a fractured bone
Open fracture
A fracture in which the bone breaks through the skin surface also referred to as a compound fracture
Open reduction internal fixation ORIF
A surgical procedure in which involves the opening of and reducing the fracture site internal fixation is commonly done after an open reduction to secure the fracture internal fixation involves securing the fracture site with pins and rods plates and screws
Osteoarthritis
Also referred to as degenerative joint disease is a non-inflammatory joint disease that results in deterioration of articular cartilage in the formation of new bone or osteophytes on the joint surface
Osteopenia
Low bone mass reversible weakening of the bone that may be diagnosed through a bone density scan just as osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
Disease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone it is common in postmenopausal women due to the cessation of estrogen production
Pathologic fracture
A weakening of bone that may result in it being unable to sustain normal forces experienced during daily activities this the bone May fracture while the person simply bends over or gets out of bed
Remodeling
The final stages of bone healing in which the bone is ideally reshaped to its original form to enable it to resume it’s intended function as best as possible
Smith’s fracture
Opposite of Colles’ fracture in that the displacement from the break is positioned toward the volar or Palmer aspect of the wrist rather than the dorsal aspect
Volkmamn’s deformity
An orthopedic deformity that results from severe damage to tissues and muscles caused by increased pressure in the forearm compartments
Arthroplasty
Joint replacement