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OCTH 1031 > Med. Term. Ch.12 Musculoskeletal system (Week 1) > Flashcards

Med. Term. Ch.12 Musculoskeletal system (Week 1) Flashcards

1
Q

articulate

A

site of contact between two bones, joint

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2
Q

contraction

A

shortening and tightening of the muscle, helps maintain body posture

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3
Q

synovial fluid

A

lubrication fluid secreted by the synovial membrane in the joint

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4
Q

rheumatologist

A

specializes in treatment of arthritis and other diseases of the joints, muscles and bones

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5
Q

chiropractor

A

treats musculoskeletal disorders; NOT physicians

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6
Q

chiropractic medicine

A

system of therapy based on the theory that disease is caused by pressure on nerves

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7
Q

fasci/o

A

band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles)

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8
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber, fibrous tissue

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9
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth muscle (visceral)

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10
Q

lumb/o

A

loins (lower back)

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11
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

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12
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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13
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

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14
Q

tend/o

A

tendon

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15
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

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16
Q

carp/o

A

carpus (wrist bone)

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17
Q

cervic/o

A

neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)

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18
Q

cost/o

A

ribs

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19
Q

crani/o

A

cranium (skull)

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20
Q

humer/o

A

humerus (upper arm bone)

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21
Q

metacarp/o

A

metacarpus (hand bone)

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22
Q

phalan/o

A

phalanges (bones of fingers and toes)

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23
Q

spondyl/o

A

used to form words about the conditions of the vertebra

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24
Q

vertebr/o

A

used to form words that describe the vertebra

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25
Q

stern/o

A

sternum (breastbone)

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26
Q

calcane/o

A

calcaneum (heel bone)

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27
Q

femor/o

A

femur (thigh bone)

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28
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula (small outer bone of the LE

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29
Q

patell/o

A

patella (kneecap)

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30
Q

pelv/i

A

pelvis - only used with -metry = pelv/i/metry

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31
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

32
Q

radi/o

A

radiation, xray ; radius (lower arm bone on the thumb side)

33
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia (larger bone of the LE

34
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiffness; bent; crooked

35
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

36
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

37
Q

lamin/o

A

lamina (part of vertebral arch)

38
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow; spinal cord

39
Q

orth/o

A

straight

40
Q

oste/o

A

bone

41
Q

-clasia

A

to break; surgical fx

42
Q

-clast

A

to break

43
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

44
Q

-sarcoma

A

malignant tumor of the connective tissue

45
Q

dia-

A

through, across

46
Q

peri-

A

around

47
Q

muscular dystrophy (MD) {muscul - muscle, -ar: pertaining to; dys-: bad, painful, difficult; -trophy: development, nourishment}

A

group of hereditary diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of the muscles, leading to increasing weakness and debilitation, including Duchenne dystrophy (most common form)

48
Q

myasthenia gravis (MG)

A

autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive fatigue and severe muscle weakness, particularly evident with facial muscles and ptosis of the eyelids

49
Q

sprain

A

trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability, such as an eversion sprain that occurs when the foot is twisted outward.

50
Q

strain

A

trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch

51
Q

torticollis

A

spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles, causing stiffness and twisting of the neck; also called wryneck

52
Q

gouty

A

arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body; gout

53
Q

bunion

A

deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe as it turns in toward the second toe(angulation) with an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

54
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendon and median nerve pass)

55
Q

contracture

A

fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

56
Q

Ewing sarcoma

A

malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in long bones or pelvis, and most commonly affecting adolescent boys

57
Q

ganglion cyst

A

noncancerous, jelly-like, fluid-filled lumps that most commonly develop along the tendons or joints or the wrists or hands but many also appear in the feet

58
Q

herniated disk

A

herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposus between two vertebrae; prolapsed disk

59
Q

osteomyelitis

A

infection that ecompasses all bone (osseous) components, inlcluding bone marrow

60
Q

Paget disease

A

abnormal bone destruction and regrowth either on one or more bones at numerous sites that results in deformity; most commonly occurs in the pelvis, skull, spine and legs; osteitis deformans

61
Q

rickets

A

form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

62
Q

sequestrum

A

fragment of dead bone that is separated from surrounding tissue

63
Q

talipes equinovarus

A

congenital deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes; clubfoot

64
Q

kyphosis ( kyph: humpback; -osis: abnormal condition)

A

increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column - hunchback

65
Q

lordosis ( lord - curve, swayback; -osis; abnormal condition)

A

forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column; swayback

66
Q

scoliosis (scoli-crooked, bent; -osis; abnormal condition)

A

abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right that eventually causes back pain, disk disease, or arthritis

67
Q

spondylitis

A

inflammation of one or more vertebrae

68
Q

spondylolisthesis (spondyl/o : vertebra; -listhesis: slipping)

A

partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra; spinal cord compression

69
Q

arthrocentesis

A

puncture of a joint space with needle to obtain samples of synovial fluid, give medicine, remove fluid to relieve pain

70
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of the interior joint and structures using flexible, fiberoptic scope

71
Q

sequestrectomy (sequestr: separation, -ectomy: excision, removal)

A

excision of a segment of dead bone (sequestrum)

72
Q

bone reabsorption inhibitors

A

reduce the reabsorption of bones in treatment of weak and fragile bones as seen in osteoporosis/ paget’s disease

73
Q

gold salts

A

RA treatment - inhibits activity within the immune system and prevents further progression

74
Q

vasculitis

A

inflammation of the blood vessels and causes changes in the blood vessel walls

75
Q

rheumatoid factor

A

substance found in blood of clients with RA

76
Q

treatment of RA

A

physical therapy
heat application
drugs - aspirin, NSAIDs, corticosteroids (reduce pain and inflammation)

OCTH 1031 (22 decks)

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