Organelles

Question 1

. What is the nucleus?

Answer 1

The control center of the cell and the largest and most organized part of the Cell.

Question 2

What kind of Er does the nucleus have?

Answer 2

Rough Er

Question 3

What is the nucleus surrounded by?

Answer 3

Double membrane

Question 4

What does the nuclear pores control?

Answer 4

What leaves and enters the nucleus

Question 5

What is the chromatin?

Answer 5

A complex of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes

Question 6

Where are the ribosomal subunits formed?

Answer 6

The nucleolus

Question 7

What are the ribosomal subunits?

Answer 7

rRNA and proteins

Question 8

Where is ribosomes assembled?

Answer 8

The nucleolus

Question 9

What is the function of ribosomes? (1)

Answer 9

Protein building

Question 10

What are the distribution of ribosomes?

Answer 10

Free in cystosol and bound attached to rough Er

Question 11

What is the difference between smooth Er and rough er?

Answer 11

Smooth has no ribosomes on surface while rough does

Question 12

What are the functions of rough er? (Similar to Golgi apparatus) and sweat

Answer 12

Packages proteins for secretion, sends transport vesicles to Golgi and makes replacement membrane

Question 13

What are the functions of smooth er?

Answer 13

Synthesizes lipids, metabolization of carbs, detox of drugs and poisons

Question 14

What are the structures of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 14

Cis face and trans face

Question 15

What are the differences between the cis face and the trans face of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 15

The cis face receives vesicles from the Er while in the trans face, the vesicles bud off

Question 16

What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus? ( vesicles and proteins)

Answer 16

Modify, sort and concentrate proteins, pack proteins in vesicles and have vesicles deliver contents to outside of the cell.

Question 17

What are vesicles containing digestive enzymes called?

Answer 17

Lysosomes

Question 18

What is the ph of lysosomes?

Answer 18

4.5

Question 19

What kinds of cells don’t usually have lysosomes?

Answer 19

Plant cells

Question 20

What are the functions of lysosomes? (Destruction)

Answer 20

To destroy and recycle nonfunctional organelles, foreign particles and unneeded structures

Question 21

What are the causes of the fatal lysosome diseases?

Answer 21

Digestive enzyme in lysosome not working correctly

Question 22

What’s an an example of a lysosome-related disease?

Answer 22

Tay -Sach’s disease

Question 23

What do cells have to do for proper functioning?

Answer 23

Cells have to die of on cue

Question 24

What are the functions of peroxisomes? (Rehab and weight loss)

Answer 24

Breaks down fatty acids to sugar, detoxifies alcohol and other poisons., produces peroxide

Question 25

Where is peroxide found?

Answer 25

In the catalase, oxidase and other metabolic enzymes in both plants and animals

Question 26

What is the structure of the mitochondrion?. (Mm)

Answer 26

Two layers of membrane and the matrix

Question 27

What does the matrix of mitochondrion contain? (Matrrez)

Answer 27

Enzymes, mitochondrial ribosomes, RNA and DNA

Question 28

What is the function of mitochondria? (Breath)

Answer 28

ATP production for cellular respiration

Question 29

How is the metabolic aerobic activity correlated with mitochondria?

Answer 29

The more activity, the more mitochondria is produced

Question 30

What is the structure of chloroplasts? (DTF)

Answer 30

Double membrane , stroma and thylakoid

Question 31

What does the thy lakoid contain?

Answer 31

Membranous sacks containing chlorophyll arranged in sacks called grana

Question 32

What is the space between the inner membrane and thylakoid, filled with protein rich alkaline fluid called?

Answer 32

Stroma

Question 33

What two organelles are not part of the endo membrane system, grow and reproduce semi-automously, have their own ribosomes and have their own circular chromosomes?

Answer 33

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 34

What is the endosymbiosis theory?

Answer 34

That mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free- living bacteria, engulfed by ancestral eukaryote

Question 35

What is an endosymbiont Cell?

Answer 35

A cell that lives within another cell

Question 36

What is the structure for a vacuole? (1)

Answer 36

A large membrane sac

Question 37

What is the function of vacuole in plants? (store)

Answer 37

Water nutrients, waste, pigments and toxin are stored here.

Question 38

What is the function of contractile vacuole in protists?

Answer 38

Eliminates excess water

Question 39

What is the function of food vacuole in protists?

Answer 39

Breaks down food

Question 40

What is the function of cytoskeleton (cell)

Answer 40

Cell movement, change of Cell shape and cell division

Question 41

What part of cytoskeleton is responsible for cell movement?

Answer 41

Ameboid movement

Question 42

What part of cytoplasm is responsible for change in cell shape?

Answer 42

Microvillus

Question 43

What part of cytoskeleton is responsible for cell division?

Answer 43

Contractile ring

Question 44

What motion does flagella have?

Answer 44

Snake-like movement in same direction of flagellum

Question 45

What type of movement does cilia have?

Answer 45

Back and forth movement perpendicular to axis of cilium

Question 46

What is the structure of muscles?

Answer 46

Long hard and rectangular filled with protein fibers that slide past eachother as the heart beats

Question 47

What is the structure of fat cells? (Blugh)

Answer 47

Rounded and globular

Question 48

What are the functions of fat cells?

Answer 48

Storage of lipids,

Question 49

What do fat cells consist of?

Answer 49

Plasma membrane, nucleus and fat droplets

Question 50

What kind of Er does the animal pancreatic cell contain large amounts of?

Answer 50

Rough Er

Question 51

What kind of Er does rat testis cell have?

Answer 51

Smooth Er

Question 52

What organelles aren't found in animal cells?

Answer 52

Chloroplasts, central vacuole, Cell wall andplasmodesta

Question 53

What organelles aren't found in plant cells?

Answer 53

Lysosomes, centrioles, and flagella (in some plant sperm)