Carbohydrates/ Sugar Flashcards
What are the polymers formed by carbohydrates called?
Polysaccharides
What is the journey from monosaccharide to polysaccharide? I
Monosaccharide to oligiosaccharide to polysaccharide
What is the molecular formula of monosaccharides usually like?
Multiples of ch20
What is the most common monosacchance?
Glucose
How are monosaccharides classified by?
Location of carbonyl group and number of carbons in the carbon skeleton
What do most sugars end with?
-Ose
‘tho many carbons does glucose have?
6
JHow many Carbons does ribose have?
5
How many carbons does glyceraldehyde have?
3
How are sugars built? (Process)
Dehydration synthesis
How are disaccharides formed (process)?
With dehydration reaction and two monosacchandes
What is lactose made of?
Glu and gal
What is maltose made of?
Glucose and glucose
What is sucrose made of?
Glucose and fructose
What are polysaccharides
Polymers of sugar that cost little energy to build and are easily reversible
What are the functions of polymers (sugars)?
- As energy storage and as structure and identity
What is the storage of energy for plants?
Starch
What is the storage of animals in terms of energy?
Glycogen
What has chitin as its sugar structure?
Arthropods
What organism has sugar as its structure?
Plants
What is the most abundant organic compound on earth?
Cellulose
What is cellulose?
Undigestableroughage
Who can digest cellulose and why?
Herbivores because they have bacteria that helps them ‘ digest or they eat their waste
What is the bond in sugar?
Glycosidic bonds
What are the elements of carbohydrates and in what ratio?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in 1:2:1
