Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology: Cells And Molecules > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the products and reactants for cellular respiration?

A

Glucose and oxygen yields carbon dioxide, water and energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 main steps in cellular respiration?

A

Glycolysis, pyryvate processing and citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the end products of glycolysis?

A

ATP, NADH water and 2 pyruvates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is needed to run glycolysis?

A

NAD +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is glucose broken down to in the glycolysis stage?

A

This is the step where the glucose (6 -carbon compound) is broken down into two 3-carbon compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the problem with glycolysis?

A

It doesn’t make too much ATP, only 2 ATP is made from 1 glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the making of ATP occur?

A

At the substrate phosphorylation level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does phosphorylating use?

A

Enzymes called kinases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What needs to happen to the pyruvates?

A

They need to be oxidized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What needs to be released for pyruvate processing to occur?

A

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the oxidation of one pyruvate result in?

A

2 carbon molecules being fed into the citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does fermentation do?

A

Regenerates NAD + in the absence of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the oxidation of one pyruvate result in?

A

2 carbon molecules being fed into the citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does citrate do?

A

Shuts down/slows down glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the regulator used in the citric acid cycle called?

A

Citrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the citric acid cycle produce for one pyruvate? eg. one turn

A

3 NADAH 2, one FADAH 2 and one ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many times does the citric acid cycle have to process?

A

2 times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the citric acid cycle produce for every 2 turns?

A

Six NADAH 2, two FADAH 2 and 2 ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What starts the citric acid cycle?

A

Aceytl coa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the main goal of the citric acid cycle?

A

Making energy carriers

21
Q

What is the final accepter of electrons in the electron transport chain?

A

Oxygen

22
Q

What does H have to go through for the electron transport chain to occur?

A

ATP synthase

23
Q

How much ATP is made during oxidative phosphorylation?

A

About 36 ATP is made

24
Q

What is chemiosmosis?

A

When it goes from high H concentration to low H concentration

25
Q

What is the electron transport chain?

A

Bouncing of electrons around

26
Q

What would happen without fermentation?

A

Without fermentation, energy production would stop

27
Q

What does kinase do?

A

Removes or adds phosphates

28
Q

What do isomerases do?

A

Changes the arrangements of phosphates

29
Q

What do dehydrogenases do?

A

Moves H ions to and from NADH and FADH

30
Q

Does fermentation produce a large amount of ATP?

A

No

31
Q

What kind of fermentation do animals undergo?

A

Lactic fermentation

32
Q

What kind of fermentation do plants undergo?

A

Ethanol fermentation

33
Q

What is acted on by 6- bisplosphate to create one of the two products of cellular respiration?

A

Aldolase

34
Q

What is aldolase called?

A

A regulator

35
Q

What product is created when energy is needed and enzymes are active?

A

G3P

36
Q

What product is created when energy is not needed and enzymes are inactive?

A

DHAP

37
Q

What happens to the citrate in the citric acid cycle and what does this inhibit?

A

The citrate is high and this inhibits phosphofructokinase

38
Q

What enzyme exerts the most control on glycolysis?

A

Phosphofructokinase

39
Q

What does cellular respiration begin with?

A

Glycolysis

40
Q

Where does glycolysis occur?

A

In the cytosol

41
Q

What does fermentation allow?

A

Continued glycolysis

42
Q

What happens after glycolysis and what does this produce?

A

Pyruvate processing which produces acetyl coa

43
Q

What does pyruvate process yield coa for?

A

Citric acid cycle

44
Q

What happens after the citric acid cycle?

A

The electron transport chain

45
Q

What do glycolysis, pymvate processing and the citric acid cycle all produce?

A

NADH

46
Q

What’s the ATP produced at the end of cellular respiration used for, what does this drive and what does this enable?

A

Phosphorylation of enzymes and substrates which drives energetic coupling enabling cellular work

47
Q

What is the difference between oxidative and substrate phosphorylation?

A

In substrate phosphorylation, phosphate is added to ADP to make ATP using an enzyme but oxidative is when a phosphate is added to ADP to make ATP using a protein called ATP synthase

48
Q

Where does the citric cycle take place?

A

In the mitochondrion

Biology: Cells And Molecules (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions