Genetics

Question 1

Who is the father of genetics?

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel

Question 2

What is the principle of independent assortment?

Answer 2

Where the inheritance of one trait has no effect on the inheritance of another trait.

Question 3

What are homozygous in terms of alleles?

Answer 3

Same alleles

Question 4

What are heterozygous in terms of alleles?

Answer 4

Different alleles

Question 5

What is a dihybrid cross?

Answer 5

Study of 2 characteristics from parents

Question 6

What is monohybrid cross?

Answer 6

Study of one characteristic from each parent

Question 7

How does meiosis explain mendel’S principle?

Answer 7

Two equally probable arrangements at Metaphase I give rise to different chromosome combinations

Question 8

What are the patterns of inheritance?

Answer 8

Dominant and recessive, incomplete dominance, co dominance , polygenetic inheritance, epistaxis and sex-linked genes

Question 9

Explain dominant and recessive genes?

Answer 9

Either you get them or you don’tfor recessive and you can only get them with two recessives crossing over

Question 10

What kind of pattern of inheritance do heterozygous show an intermediate phenotype?

Answer 10

Incomplete dominance

Question 11

What kind of pattern of inheritance are there 2 or more alleles that are dominant in the phonotype with both being expressed and not mixed?.

Answer 11

Codominance

Question 12

What is an Rh factor?

Answer 12

A factor found on red blood cells

Question 13

What does Rh+ mean?

Answer 13

Protein

Question 14

What does Rh- mean?

Answer 14

No protein

Question 15

What are some phenotypes determined by?

Answer 15

Additive effects of 2 or more genes on a single characteristic with phenotypes on a continuum

Question 16

What is pleitrophy?

Answer 16

A gene whose product influences multiple traits

Question 17

What are some complex genetic disorders?

Answer 17

Cystic fibrosis, marfan syndrome and sickle-cell anemia

Question 18

What is it called when alleles for one gene alter the effects of another gene?

Answer 18

Epistasis

Question 19

What gender is affected mostly by sex linked disorders and why?

Answer 19

Men because they only have one x-chromosone

Question 20

How does a father pass down a sex-linked disease?

Answer 20

He will pass it down to of all his daughters who either be carriers or just affected

Question 21

• what are some x linked sex disorders?

Answer 21

ALD, hypertrichosis, hemophilia, color blindness

Question 22

What factors influence phenotype?

Answer 22

Genetic and environmental

Question 23

What is a pedigree?

Answer 23

A family tree that describes the inter-relationships of parents and children across the generations

Question 24

What can be traced and described using pedigrees?

Answer 24

Inheritance patterns ofparticular traits

Question 25

What are autosomal recessive traits?

Answer 25

When the trait can skip generations, inbreeding increases it and affects males and females equally

Question 26

What are some autosomal recessive traits?

Answer 26

Cystic fibrosis, tay -Sach’s disease and sickle-cell anemia

Question 27

How are autosomal dominant pedigrees passed down?

Answer 27

Only about half of individuals get trait regardless of their sex

Question 28

How do x-linked recessive pedigrees behave?

Answer 28

They skip generations, affected fathers do not pass down to their sons and males are more often affected

Question 29

How do x-linked dominant diseases behave?

Answer 29

Everyone gets in when the mother has it , males and females are equally affected and they are extremely unusual