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D3 KID > Oregon > Flashcards

Oregon Flashcards

1
Q

Land under vine in Oregon?

A

13,750ha

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2
Q

Where does Oregon rank in production terms of US states?

A

4th biggest

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3
Q

First modern vineyard in Oregon established when, where?

A

1961, near Roseburg

South of most of today’s vineyards

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4
Q

Who is/was David Lett?

A

Planted 5ha of Pinot Noir in Dundee Hills (now an AVA) in 1966
A pioneer!

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5
Q

What happened to Oregon wine in 1979?

A

“Wine Olympics” blind tasting (Gault-Maillau)
Lett 1975 Eyrie Vineyards Reserve Pinot Noir came 10th
Came 2nd in a rematch (vs Drouhin Chambolle-Musigny)
Led to Drouhin investing here

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6
Q

Where is Domaine Drouhin Oregon located?

A

Williamette alley

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7
Q

How many AVAs in Oregon?

A

19
15 in the state
4 shared with other states

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8
Q

Comment on family businesses in Oregon.

A

Unlike California and Washington, Oregon has lots of small family businesses
Some are now 5th generation

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9
Q

Number of wineries in Oregon: growing or declining?

A

GROWING!

5x increase in last 20 years

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10
Q

Climate in Oregon generally

A

Cool to moderate
Some protection from Pacific by Cosaat Range
Long daylight hours in summer and autumn = aid ripening

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11
Q

Is there much rain in Oregon?

A 
Ye, but very little in summer
Williamette Valley (wettest region) gets 1,000mm per year but only 200mm from April to September
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12
Q

Oregon has what % of the USA’s Demeter certified vineyards?

A

52%

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13
Q

What makes Oregon suitable for sustainable viticulture, biodynamic etc?

A

Wind and dry summers

Reduce mildew and disease pressure

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14
Q

Most planted grape in Oregon?

A

Pinot Noir (57%)

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15
Q

Top black grape and white grape in Oregon?

A 
Pinot Noir (top overall)
Pinot Gris
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16
Q

Oregon: are plantings of Pinot Gris on the rise?

A

No. It’s most planted white grape now but plantings are decreasing in favour of Chardonnay

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17
Q

Traditional Pinot Noir clones in Oregon?

A

Wadenswil

Pommard

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18
Q

Which Pinot Noir clones were introduced to Oregon in the late 1980s? So what?

A

Dijon clones
=> increased clonal diversity
better suit climate and soils and style of wine

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19
Q

What clones of Pinot Noir are used in Oregon today?

A

Wadenswil
Pommard
Dijon clones

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20
Q

Chardonnay clones in Oregon: traditional ones and more recent, more successful ones?

A

Traditional: Wente and 108 (but proved difficult)

Now: Dijon clones (earlier ripening)

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21
Q

Potential issue with Dijon clones of Chardonnay in Oregon?

A

Warmer vintages today
Dijon clone ripening TOO early
Some producers returning to California heritage selections (eg Wente clone)

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22
Q

Is whole bunch used in Oregon Pinot Noir?

A

It varies by producer

But it’s a popular technique, increasing recently

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23
Q

Most Oregon Pinot Noir matured how?

A

Oak vessels

New oak % is decreasing

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24
Q

Oregon Pinot Noir style

A

Medium (+) acid
Medium to medium (+) tannin
High alcohol
Red cherry, raspberry, black cherry, plum

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25
Q

Significant producers of Oregon Pinot Noir

A

Bergstrom Wines

Evening Land

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26
Q

Oregon Pinot Gris: dry or sweet?

A

Both

Current trend is for drier styles

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27
Q

Oregon Pinot Gris style

A

Medium to full body
Medium to medium (+) acid
Pear, peach amd melon
Nutty honey

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28
Q

Oregon Chardonnay style

A

Medium (+) acid
Medium (+) body
Lemon and peach

29
Q

How is Oregon Chardonnay made?

A

Whole bunch pressing
Ferment and mature in oak
High % of OLD oak
Full malo and lees contact => texture and flavour
No stirring of lees => struck match, smoky

30
Q

Williamette Valley AVA contains what % of Oregon vineyards?

A

68%

31
Q

Southern Oregon AVA contains what % of Oregon vineyards?

A

25%

32
Q

AVAs shared between oregon and Washington?

A

Columbia Gorge
Columbia Valley
Walla Walla Valley (with 1 sub-AVA)

33
Q

Where is Snake River Valley AVA?

A

Border of Oregon and Idaho

34
Q

Williamette Valley AVA land under vine?

A

9,900ha

35
Q

Where is Williamette Valley AVA located?

A

South of Portland, Oregon

36
Q

How many wineries in Williamette Valley AVA?

A

Almost 600

9,900ha under vine

37
Q

Williamette Valley is 80km from Pacific Ocean. So what?

A

Cold Pacific winds impact the region

Valley is one of coolest and wettest parts of Oregon

38
Q

What protects Williamette Valley from (some) Pacific influence?

A

Coast Range (to the west)

39
Q

Cliamte in Williamette Valley

A

Cool and wet
But warm, dry summers with long hours of sunshine
Diurnal range high

40
Q

Why is irrigation not common in Oregon?

A

Only oldest wineries allowed use water from rivers
newer wineries would have to build ponds, collect rainwater => too costly given scale of many operations
many will dry farm if poss

41
Q

How is Pinot Noir vigour managed in Williamette Valley?

A

Valley floors have fertile loam soils

Large vine trainign systems (Scott Henry) help limit Pinot vigour

42
Q

7 sub AVAs of Williamette Valley?

A 
Dundee Hills
Chehalem Mountains
Ribbon Ridge
Yamhill-Carlton District
Van Duzer Corridor
Eola-Amity Hills
McMinnville
43
Q

Key grape in Williamette Valley (and all its sub-AVAs)

A

Pinot Noir

44
Q

Best known AVA in Williamette Valley?

A

Dundee Hills

First Pinot Noir in Oregon planted ehre

45
Q

Altitude in Dundee Hills AVA

A

Higher than rest of Williamette Valley
60m -> 325m
Retain acidity

46
Q

Which Williamette Valley sub-AVA has largest amount of plantings?

A

Chehalem Mountains AVA

47
Q

Smallest AVA in Williamette Valley?

A

Ribbon Ridge AVA

48
Q

Grapes in Ribbon Ridge AVA tend to be concentrated. Why?

A

Sedimentary soil is deep and low in nutrients -> control vigour
Moderate water-holding capacity -> good as irrigation not available

49
Q

Land under vine in Yamhill-Carlton Disrict AVA?

A

970ha

Williamette Valley overall is 9,900ha - this is about 10%

50
Q

Yamhill-Carlton District AVA produces ripe fruit, full body and lower acid Pinot. Why?

A

South-facing slopes
Warm free-draining sedimentary soils
Sheltered nature of AVA

51
Q

Effect of wind on Van Duzer Corridor AVA?

A

Disrupt flowering and fruit set => lower yields
Vine leaf stomato to shut => slow ripening
Cooling wind => slow ripening, retain acidity, slow sugar accumulation while aromas and flavours develop
Reduce disease pressure

52
Q

Where is Eola-Amity Hills AVA?

A

Williamette Valley

East of Van Duzer Corridor AVA

53
Q

Where is McMinnville AVA located?

A

Williamette Valley

Between Yamhill-Carlton AVA (north) and Van Duzer Corridor (south)

54
Q

Southern Oregon AVA: land under vine

A

3,265ha

55
Q

Southern Oregon AVA climate vs Williamette Valley?

A

Southerly latitude: warmer than Williamette

But cooling influence from mountains and river valleys (breezes) => high diruanl range

56
Q

Comment on irrigation in Southern Oregon AVA

A

Warm climate with low rainfall = irrigation essential
Irrigation with river water is allowed
If dry farming, use Rhone varieties rather than Pinot Noir

57
Q

Most planted grape in Southern Oregon AVA?

A

Pinot Noir
But less dominant here than Williamette Valley
Also Syrah, Pinot Gris, Tempranillo

58
Q

Where is Umpqua Valley AVA?

A

Northern part of Southern Oregon AVA
Confluence of three mountain ranges (Coast, Cascade and Klamath)
+ Umpqua River
=> diverse range of sites, altitudes, aspects, soils

59
Q

Umpqua Valley AVA known for which red grape and what kind of red grapes?

A

Pinot Noir

Aromatic whites like Pinot Gris, Gewurtz, Riesling

60
Q

Where is Rogue Valley AVA?

A

Part of Southern Oregon AVA
Encompasses Applegate Valley sub-AVA
Close to California border

61
Q

Rogue Valley AVA is warm. So what?

A

Black grapes can ripen eg Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Tempranillo, Merlot

62
Q

Walla Walla Valley AVA: is more of it in Oregon or Washington?

A

More in Washington

1/3 of it in Oregon

63
Q

What is the main grape in Walla Walla Valley AVA?

A 
Cabernet Sauvignon (40%)
Merlot and Syrah
64
Q

What are The Rocks District and Milton-Freewater?

A

Sub-AVAs of Walla Walla Valley AVA (multistate - Oregon and Washington)

65
Q

Columbia Gorge AVA: what river?

A

Columbia River

66
Q

Cooling influence in Columbia Gorge AVA?

A

Altitude (600m)

Winds from the gorge

67
Q

Where is Columbia Gorge?

A

Split AVA between Washington and Oregon

68
Q

What’s notable about Oregon labelling laws?

A

Stricter than federal laws
100% of grapes must be from Oregon
95% must be from stated appellation

69
Q

Exports account for what % of Oregon production?

A

2.5% !
paltry
Canada, UK, Japan

D3 KID (35 decks)

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