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Oregon Flashcards

1
Q

Land under vine in Oregon?

A

13,750ha

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2
Q

Where does Oregon rank in production terms of US states?

A

4th biggest

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3
Q

First modern vineyard in Oregon established when, where?

A

1961, near Roseburg

South of most of today’s vineyards

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4
Q

Who is/was David Lett?

A

Planted 5ha of Pinot Noir in Dundee Hills (now an AVA) in 1966
A pioneer!

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5
Q

What happened to Oregon wine in 1979?

A

“Wine Olympics” blind tasting (Gault-Maillau)
Lett 1975 Eyrie Vineyards Reserve Pinot Noir came 10th
Came 2nd in a rematch (vs Drouhin Chambolle-Musigny)
Led to Drouhin investing here

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6
Q

Where is Domaine Drouhin Oregon located?

A

Williamette alley

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7
Q

How many AVAs in Oregon?

A

19
15 in the state
4 shared with other states

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8
Q

Comment on family businesses in Oregon.

A

Unlike California and Washington, Oregon has lots of small family businesses
Some are now 5th generation

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9
Q

Number of wineries in Oregon: growing or declining?

A

GROWING!

5x increase in last 20 years

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10
Q

Climate in Oregon generally

A

Cool to moderate
Some protection from Pacific by Cosaat Range
Long daylight hours in summer and autumn = aid ripening

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11
Q

Is there much rain in Oregon?

A 
Ye, but very little in summer
Williamette Valley (wettest region) gets 1,000mm per year but only 200mm from April to September
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12
Q

Oregon has what % of the USA’s Demeter certified vineyards?

A

52%

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13
Q

What makes Oregon suitable for sustainable viticulture, biodynamic etc?

A

Wind and dry summers

Reduce mildew and disease pressure

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14
Q

Most planted grape in Oregon?

A

Pinot Noir (57%)

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15
Q

Top black grape and white grape in Oregon?

A 
Pinot Noir (top overall)
Pinot Gris
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16
Q

Oregon: are plantings of Pinot Gris on the rise?

A

No. It’s most planted white grape now but plantings are decreasing in favour of Chardonnay

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17
Q

Traditional Pinot Noir clones in Oregon?

A

Wadenswil

Pommard

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18
Q

Which Pinot Noir clones were introduced to Oregon in the late 1980s? So what?

A

Dijon clones
=> increased clonal diversity
better suit climate and soils and style of wine

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19
Q

What clones of Pinot Noir are used in Oregon today?

A

Wadenswil
Pommard
Dijon clones

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20
Q

Chardonnay clones in Oregon: traditional ones and more recent, more successful ones?

A

Traditional: Wente and 108 (but proved difficult)

Now: Dijon clones (earlier ripening)

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21
Q

Potential issue with Dijon clones of Chardonnay in Oregon?

A

Warmer vintages today
Dijon clone ripening TOO early
Some producers returning to California heritage selections (eg Wente clone)

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22
Q

Is whole bunch used in Oregon Pinot Noir?

A

It varies by producer

But it’s a popular technique, increasing recently

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23
Q

Most Oregon Pinot Noir matured how?

A

Oak vessels

New oak % is decreasing

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24
Q

Oregon Pinot Noir style

A

Medium (+) acid
Medium to medium (+) tannin
High alcohol
Red cherry, raspberry, black cherry, plum

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25
Significant producers of Oregon Pinot Noir
Bergstrom Wines | Evening Land
26
Oregon Pinot Gris: dry or sweet?
Both | Current trend is for drier styles
27
Oregon Pinot Gris style
Medium to full body Medium to medium (+) acid Pear, peach amd melon Nutty honey
28
Oregon Chardonnay style
Medium (+) acid Medium (+) body Lemon and peach
29
How is Oregon Chardonnay made?
Whole bunch pressing Ferment and mature in oak High % of OLD oak Full malo and lees contact => texture and flavour No stirring of lees => struck match, smoky
30
Williamette Valley AVA contains what % of Oregon vineyards?
68%
31
Southern Oregon AVA contains what % of Oregon vineyards?
25%
32
AVAs shared between oregon and Washington?
Columbia Gorge Columbia Valley Walla Walla Valley (with 1 sub-AVA)
33
Where is Snake River Valley AVA?
Border of Oregon and Idaho
34
Williamette Valley AVA land under vine?
9,900ha
35
Where is Williamette Valley AVA located?
South of Portland, Oregon
36
How many wineries in Williamette Valley AVA?
Almost 600 | 9,900ha under vine
37
Williamette Valley is 80km from Pacific Ocean. So what?
Cold Pacific winds impact the region | Valley is one of coolest and wettest parts of Oregon
38
What protects Williamette Valley from (some) Pacific influence?
Coast Range (to the west)
39
Cliamte in Williamette Valley
Cool and wet But warm, dry summers with long hours of sunshine Diurnal range high
40
Why is irrigation not common in Oregon?
Only oldest wineries allowed use water from rivers newer wineries would have to build ponds, collect rainwater => too costly given scale of many operations many will dry farm if poss
41
How is Pinot Noir vigour managed in Williamette Valley?
Valley floors have fertile loam soils | Large vine trainign systems (Scott Henry) help limit Pinot vigour
42
7 sub AVAs of Williamette Valley?
``` Dundee Hills Chehalem Mountains Ribbon Ridge Yamhill-Carlton District Van Duzer Corridor Eola-Amity Hills McMinnville ```
43
Key grape in Williamette Valley (and all its sub-AVAs)
Pinot Noir
44
Best known AVA in Williamette Valley?
Dundee Hills | First Pinot Noir in Oregon planted ehre
45
Altitude in Dundee Hills AVA
Higher than rest of Williamette Valley 60m -> 325m Retain acidity
46
Which Williamette Valley sub-AVA has largest amount of plantings?
Chehalem Mountains AVA
47
Smallest AVA in Williamette Valley?
Ribbon Ridge AVA
48
Grapes in Ribbon Ridge AVA tend to be concentrated. Why?
Sedimentary soil is deep and low in nutrients -> control vigour Moderate water-holding capacity -> good as irrigation not available
49
Land under vine in Yamhill-Carlton Disrict AVA?
970ha | Williamette Valley overall is 9,900ha - this is about 10%
50
Yamhill-Carlton District AVA produces ripe fruit, full body and lower acid Pinot. Why?
South-facing slopes Warm free-draining sedimentary soils Sheltered nature of AVA
51
Effect of wind on Van Duzer Corridor AVA?
Disrupt flowering and fruit set => lower yields Vine leaf stomato to shut => slow ripening Cooling wind => slow ripening, retain acidity, slow sugar accumulation while aromas and flavours develop Reduce disease pressure
52
Where is Eola-Amity Hills AVA?
Williamette Valley | East of Van Duzer Corridor AVA
53
Where is McMinnville AVA located?
Williamette Valley | Between Yamhill-Carlton AVA (north) and Van Duzer Corridor (south)
54
Southern Oregon AVA: land under vine
3,265ha
55
Southern Oregon AVA climate vs Williamette Valley?
Southerly latitude: warmer than Williamette | But cooling influence from mountains and river valleys (breezes) => high diruanl range
56
Comment on irrigation in Southern Oregon AVA
Warm climate with low rainfall = irrigation essential Irrigation with river water is allowed If dry farming, use Rhone varieties rather than Pinot Noir
57
Most planted grape in Southern Oregon AVA?
Pinot Noir But less dominant here than Williamette Valley Also Syrah, Pinot Gris, Tempranillo
58
Where is Umpqua Valley AVA?
Northern part of Southern Oregon AVA Confluence of three mountain ranges (Coast, Cascade and Klamath) + Umpqua River => diverse range of sites, altitudes, aspects, soils
59
Umpqua Valley AVA known for which red grape and what kind of red grapes?
Pinot Noir | Aromatic whites like Pinot Gris, Gewurtz, Riesling
60
Where is Rogue Valley AVA?
Part of Southern Oregon AVA Encompasses Applegate Valley sub-AVA Close to California border
61
Rogue Valley AVA is warm. So what?
Black grapes can ripen eg Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Tempranillo, Merlot
62
Walla Walla Valley AVA: is more of it in Oregon or Washington?
More in Washington | 1/3 of it in Oregon
63
What is the main grape in Walla Walla Valley AVA?
``` Cabernet Sauvignon (40%) Merlot and Syrah ```
64
What are The Rocks District and Milton-Freewater?
Sub-AVAs of Walla Walla Valley AVA (multistate - Oregon and Washington)
65
Columbia Gorge AVA: what river?
Columbia River
66
Cooling influence in Columbia Gorge AVA?
Altitude (600m) | Winds from the gorge
67
Where is Columbia Gorge?
Split AVA between Washington and Oregon
68
What's notable about Oregon labelling laws?
Stricter than federal laws 100% of grapes must be from Oregon 95% must be from stated appellation
69
Exports account for what % of Oregon production?
2.5% ! paltry Canada, UK, Japan

D3 KID (35 decks)

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