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ABCP > Ordinary Connective tissue > Flashcards

Ordinary Connective tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is all CT made up of?

A

Cells,fibres and ground substance

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2
Q

What are the 5 functions of CT?

A

Extracellular matrix that connects and binds organs and cells within the body
Gives support to the body
Facilitates cellular defence mechanisms
Repair
Provides an avenue for communication and transportation

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3
Q

How is CT supplied?

A

By blood and lymphatic vessels and nerves

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4
Q

What are the two types of CT?

A

Ordinary and special

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5
Q

What are the three types of ordinary CT?

A

Loose, areolar
Dense irregular
Dense regular

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6
Q

What are the 6 special CT?

A 
Adipose tissue
Cartilage 
Bone
Dentin
Haematopoeitic tissue
Endothelium
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7
Q

What makes up the extra cellular matrix?

A

Fibres and ground substance

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8
Q

What type of cells are present in CT?

A

Fixed and wanderig

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9
Q

What type of fibres are present in CT?

A

Collagen
Reticular
Elastic

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10
Q

What is the ground substance of CT?

A

Highly hydrated gel
Glycosaminoglycans
proteoglycans
glycoproteins

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11
Q

What type of cell is a fibroblast and what is its functions?

A

fixed

ECM production

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12
Q

What type of cell is a mesenchymal and what is its functions?

A

fixed

CT precursor

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13
Q

What type of cell is a reticular cell and what is its functions?

A

fixed

production of reticular fibres

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14
Q

What type of cell is an adipocyte and what is its functions?

A

fixed

fat storage

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15
Q

What type of cell is a macrophage and what is its functions?

A

wandering

phagocytosis

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16
Q

What type of cell is a plasma cell and what is its functions?

A

wandering

antibody production

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17
Q

What type of cell is a mast cell and what is its functions?

A

Chemical mediators

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18
Q

What type of cell is a white blood cell and what is its functions?

A

wandering

defence

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19
Q

What is the principle cell of ordinary CT?

A

Fibroblast

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20
Q

What are fibrocytes?

A

Quiescent fibroblasts (resting)

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21
Q

What is the role of collagen?

A

Tough
Provides high tensile strength
Stretch resistant
most abundnat protein (25%)

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22
Q

What is the role of elastic?

A

Long thin fibres

allow for stretch and recoil

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23
Q

What is reticular fibres made from?

A

Type III collagen

24
Q

What is the role of reticular fibre?

A

Branched, thin collagenous fibres

Form and extensive delicate networks

25
Q

What is the role of Type I collagen?

A

Provides tensile strength, 90% of total collagen, dermis, ligaments, tendons, bone, dentin

26
Q

What is the role of Type II collagen?

A

Found in hyaline and elastic cartilage

27
Q

What is the role of Type III collagen?

A

Reticulin

28
Q

What is the role of Type IV collagen?

A

Found in the basal lamina works with type VII

29
Q

What is the role of Type VII collagen?

A

Forms anchoring fibrils works with IV

30
Q

What is procollagen?

A

three individual collagen molecules combine within a cell

31
Q

How is tropocollagen formed?

A

Procollagen is secreted from the cell and proteolytic enzymes cleave propeptides

32
Q

What are tropocollagen molecules used for?

A

align to linear arrays to produce collagen fibrils

33
Q

What are collagen fibrils for?

A

Assemble to form a collagen fibre - covalent cross-linking occurs

34
Q

What is a collagen bundle?

A

Collagen fibres cominh together to form a a pink wavy structure (collagen bundles)

35
Q

What is the main component of elastic fibres?

A

Elastin

36
Q

What is the elastin core made up of?

A

Fibrils made up of the glyco protein fribrillin

37
Q

What is the role of the ground substance?

A

Resists compressive forces on the matrix - provides mechanical strength
Functions as a molecular sieve through which nutrients, metabolites and hormones diffuse between blood capillaries and cells

38
Q

What are glyosaminoglycans (GAG)?

A

Unbranched polysaccharide chains composed of repeating disaccharide units

39
Q

What is the role of GAGs?

A

Maintains tissue architecture - rigidity and turgor provides structural integrity to cells and provides passageways between cells allowing for cell migration.

40
Q

What is a proteoglycan molecule?

A

A GAG bound to a protein core

41
Q

Give 4 examples of GAGs

A

Hyaluronic acid- wound healing
Keratan sulphate- bone and cartilage and cornea
Chondroitin sulphate- bone and cartilage and heart valves
Heparin Sulphate - basal lamina

42
Q

What does areolar mean?

A

Open space

43
Q

What is the role of dense irregular CT?

A

Adapted to offer resistance & protection
withstands tensions in different directions
Predominance of collagen fibres which run haphazardly

44
Q

What is the role of dense regular CT?

A

Offer resistance in one direction or plane
Provide maximum tensile strength
Predominant collagen aligned to stress resist

45
Q

What is the role of loose areolar CT?

A

holds structures in place

provides a packing framework for organ suppport

46
Q

Whats is loose areolar CT made up of?

A

Collagen and fibroblasts abundance of ground substance

47
Q

Where is loose areolar CT located?

A

below epithelia
forms the lamina propria of a mucosa
surrounds capillaries

48
Q

What is dense irreagular CT made up of ?

A

collagen fibres densely packed and irregularly arranged

smaller proportion of Ground substance

49
Q

Where is Dense irregular CT located?

A

Dermis
Submucosa of digestive tract
Periosteum & perichondrium
Fibrous capsules of organs

50
Q

Where is Dense regular CT located?

A

Ligaments (Bone to bone)
Tendons (bone to muscle)
Aponeuroses

51
Q

What adipose tissue composed of?

A

Adipocytes

52
Q

What are adipocytes?

A

Fat cells - individual lipid droplet surrounded by thin layer of cytoplasm and nucleus

53
Q

What is the function of adipose tissue?

A

Energy store, cushions, insulation

Metabolism or brown fat produces heat in the newborn

54
Q

Where is adipose tissue found?

A

Under skin
around kidneys
within the abdomen
breasts

55
Q

Where is the origin of CT?

A

Mesoderm

ABCP (28 decks)

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