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ABCP > Cell 1 > Flashcards

Cell 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A tissue is a collection of cells specialised to perform a particular type of function

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2
Q

What are the four different types of tissue?

A

Connective, epithelium, muscle and nerve

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3
Q

What is the role of the epithelium tissue?

A

Lining, covering and glands both internally and externally .

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4
Q

What is the role of the connective tissue?

A

Support and protection

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5
Q

What is the role of the nerve tissue?

A

Fast communication- peripheral nerves of the body provide the sensation motor function.

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6
Q

What is the role of muscle tissue?

A

Movement

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7
Q

What is an organ?

A

It is part of the body, composed of more than one tissue, that forms a structural unit responsible for a particular function.

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8
Q

What are the two layers of skin and what are they composed of?

A

Epidermis- epithelium

Dermis -connective tissue

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9
Q

What is the cell membrane described as?

A

A phospholipid bilayer containing embedded integral membrane proteins with peripheral membrane proteins attached to its surfaces.

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10
Q

What is the role of cholesterol?

A

To maintain fluidity at a regardless of temperatures.

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11
Q

What are the functions of the cell membrane?

A 
Structural support 
Compartmentalisation
Selectively permeable 
Signal transduction
Intercellular interaction
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12
Q

What is meant by compartmentalisation?

A

Specialised activities contained and are independently regulated.

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13
Q

What is meant by selectively permeable membrane?

A

Regulates passage of specific solutes

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14
Q

What is meant by signal transduction?

A

Responds to and transmits stimuli

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15
Q

What is meant by intercellular interaction?

A

Allows cells to recognise and signal each other.
Cell to cell adherence in an epithelium- tight secure boundary
Regulates the entry and exit of molecules

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16
Q

What are the three types of lipids?

A

Phospholipids, cholesterol, sphingolipds (nervous tissue)

17
Q

What are the four types of protein in the cell membrane?

A

Transporters, anchors. receptors, enzymes

18
Q

What is the role of transporters?

A

To allow passage of small ions, molecules and water in either direction

19
Q

What is the role of anchors?

A

It anchors the intracellular cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM)

20
Q

What is the role of receptors?

A

To allow recognition and localised binding of molecules

21
Q

What is the role of enzymes?

A

Variety of roles- ion pumping and act as integral membrane proteins.

22
Q

What is the main role of the nucleus?

A

The main role of the nucleus is to duplicate genetic info

23
Q

What is chromatin?

A

It is a highly folded nucleoprotein complex that consists of DNA and structural proteins (histones)

24
Q

What is the role of the nucleolus?

A

Site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and initial ribosome assembly

25
Q

What is the nuclear envelope?

A

A double membrane with a perinuclear space

26
Q

What is the role of the nuclear pores?

A

For chemical communication between the nucleus and the cystosol- mediating the active transport of proteins, ribonucleoproteins and RNA

27
Q

What is the nuclear lamina?

A

Meshwork of intermediate filaments called lamins.

28
Q

What is the role of the nuclear lamina?

A

Supports the nuclear envelope
Essential in DNA replication, transcription and gene regulation.
Anchors heterochromatin and important in spatial organisation of nuclear pore.

29
Q

What are the five distinct parts of the mitochondria?

A
  1. Outer mitochondrial membrane
  2. Intermembrane space
  3. Inner mitochondrial membrane (contains ATP synthase)
  4. Cristae space
  5. Matrix
30
Q

What is the role of mitochondria?

A

Specialised for aerobic respiration.

Powerhouse of the cell- produce ATP

ABCP (28 decks)

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