ANATOMICAL DIRECTIONAL TERMS & BODY CAVITIES Flashcards
Identify the three anatomical planes
Coronal (vertical line divides body into anterior and posterior)
Sagittal (vertical line -left and right)
Transverse (line dividing the body into a superior and inferior section)
What is meant by oblique?
A line which passes through the body at an angle, different to the other planes
What is meant by proximal?
Closer to the trunk
What is meant by Distal?
Further away from the trunk
What is meant by medial?
Closer to the midline
What is meant by lateral?
Further away from the midline.
What is meant by superficial?
Closer to body surface
What is meant by deep?
Further away from body surface
What are the two surfaces of the hand?
Palmar and dorsal
What are the two surfaces of the foot?
Dorsal and plantar
What is flexion?
A movement that decreases the angle between two body parts
What is extension?
A movement that increases the angle between two body parts
What is meant by medial rotation?
Rotation towards the midline
What is meant by lateral rotation?
Rotation away from the midline
What is elevation?
Moving superiorly
What is depression?
Moving inferiorly
What is protraction?
Moving anteriorly
What is retrusion?
Moving posteriorly
What is dorsiflexion?
Lifting the foot so its superior surface approaches the shin
What is Plantar flexion?
Depressing the foot elevating the heel
What is the role of the dorsal cavity and what cavities does it make up?
Protects the central nervous sysytem and makes up the cranial cavity and vetebral/spinal cavity
What is the ventral cavity and what cavities does it make up?
Protects the internal organs and makes up the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
What are the three subdivisions of the thoracic cavity?
- Pleural(each houses a lung)
- Mediastinal cavity (region between the lungs contains the oesophagus, trahcea and thymus)
- Pericardial cavity (encloses the heart)
