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Medical Terminology and Anatomy > Oncology Terminology List > Flashcards

Oncology Terminology List Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Adjuvant therapy

A

Treatment given after the primary treatment to remove residual cancer cells.

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2
Q

AFP

A

Tumor marker sometimes elevated in germ cell tumors and liver cancer

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3
Q

ALK

A

Tumor marker sometimes elevated in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

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4
Q

ALL

A

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

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5
Q

AML

A

Acute Lymphocytic leukemia

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6
Q

BCC

A

Basal Cell carcinoma

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7
Q

BCRC1/2

A

Genes indicating higher risk of breast or ovarian cancer.

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8
Q

beta-hCG

A

In oncology, tumor marker sometimes elevated in germ cell tumors or choriocarcinomas; also used to track pregnancy

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9
Q

BTA

A

Tumor marker sometimes elevated in bladder, kidney, or ureter cancers

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10
Q

CA-125

A

Tumor marker sometimes elevated in ovarian cancer

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11
Q

CA15-3

A

Tumor marker sometimes found in breast cancer

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12
Q

CA27.29

A

Tumor marker sometimes found in breast cancer

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13
Q

Cancer

A

A disease in which abnormal cells grow and divide uncontrollably and destroy body tissue

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14
Q

CEA

A

Tumor marker sometimes elevated in colorectal cancer

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15
Q

Chemo brain/fog

A

Decreased concentration and memory following chemotherapy treatment

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16
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Medications used to stop the growth of or destroy cancer cells

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17
Q

CIS

A

Carcinoma in situ

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18
Q

CLL

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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19
Q

CML

A

Chronic myeloid leukemia

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20
Q

Consolidation therapy

A

Treatment given after the cancer had disappeared to ensure any residual cancer cells are destroyed

21
Q

DRE

A

Digital rectal exam

22
Q

ER

A

Estrogen receptor; status in cancer will be + or -

23
Q

FOBT

A

Fecal occult blood test

24
Q

grading

A

Classification for how abnormal cancer cells appear

25
Q

HER2/neu

A

Gene indicating higher risk of breast, ovarian, bladder, or pancreatic cancer

26
Q

Hormone therapy

A

Treatment affects hormones or their receptors; endocrine therapy

27
Q

Immunotherapy

A

Treatment that stimulates or boosts the immune system to help fight the cancer

28
Q

Induction therapy

A

The first treatment received; primary therapy

29
Q

KRAS

A

gene indicating higher risk of colorectal or NSCLC

30
Q

Leukemia

A

Cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue, such as bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced

31
Q

Lymphoma

A

Cancer that begins in the lymphocytes

32
Q

Maintenance therapy

A

Aims to prevent cancer recurrence

33
Q

Metastasis

A

The spread of cancer cells from the place where they first formed to another part of the body

34
Q

Neoplasm

A

An abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should.

35
Q

NSCLC

A

Non-small cell lung cancer

36
Q

Philadelphia chromosome

A

Abnormal chromosome often present in CML, ALL, or AML

37
Q

Polyp

A

Abnormal growths that start in the inner lining of the colon or rectum

38
Q

PR

A

progesterone receptor; status in cancer will be + or -

39
Q

PSA

A

tumor marker sometimes elevated in prostate cancer; can be used to monitor treatment progress

40
Q

Radiation therapy

A

Using high energy radiation to kill cancer cells

41
Q

RCC

A

Renal cell carcinoma

42
Q

SCC

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

43
Q

SCLC

A

Small cell lung cancer

44
Q

Stage

A

a classification of the extent of the cancer in the body

45
Q

Targeted therapy

A

medications that can identify and attack specific cell types while sparing others

46
Q

TNM staging

A

Staging using information about the status of the tumor, nodes and metastasis

47
Q

Tumor marker

A

Substances found at higher than normal levels in the blood, urine, or body tissue in certain cancers

48
Q

Whipple procedure

A

Aka pancreaticoduodenectomy; a surgery used to treat pancreatic cancer.

Medical Terminology and Anatomy (49 decks)

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